10-Q

Hanmi Financial Corporation

May 8, 2023

/s/ Bonita I. Lee

Bonita I. Lee

President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q


☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2023


☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Transition Period From To

Commission File Number: 000-30421

HANMI FINANCIAL CORPORATION

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)


Delaware		95-4788120
(State or Other Jurisdiction of		(I.R.S. Employer
Incorporation or Organization)		Identification No.)


900 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 1250
Los Angeles, California		90017
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)		(Zip Code)

(213) 382-2200

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Not Applicable

(Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, If Changed Since Last Report)

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading
Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, $0.001 par value

HAFC

Nasdaq Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☒
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging Growth Company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of May 3, 2023, there were 30,546,198 outstanding shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock.

Hanmi Financial Corporation and Subsidiaries Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

Three Months Ended March 31, 2023

Table of Contents


	Part I – Financial Information

Item 1.	Financial Statements	3

	Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2023 (unaudited) and December 31, 2022	3

	Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (unaudited)	4

	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (unaudited)	5

	Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (unaudited)	6

	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (unaudited)	7

	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	8

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	37

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	52

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	52

	Part II – Other Information

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	53

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	53

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	54

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	54

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	54

Item 5.	Other Information	54

Item 6.	Exhibits	55

Signatures		56

Part I — Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

Hanmi Financial Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except share data)


	March 31,			December 31,
	2023			2022
	(Unaudited)
Assets
Cash and due from banks	$	386,201		$	352,421
Securities available for sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $990,052 and $978,796 as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively)		878,701			853,838
Loans held for sale, at the lower of cost or fair value		3,652			8,043
Loans receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $72,249 and $71,523 as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively		5,908,209			5,895,610
Accrued interest receivable		19,004			18,537
Premises and equipment, net		22,625			22,850
Customers' liability on acceptances		41			328
Servicing assets		7,541			7,176
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net		11,193			11,225
Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") stock, at cost		16,385			16,385
Income tax assets		39,658			51,924
Bank-owned life insurance		55,814			55,544
Prepaid expenses and other assets		85,106			84,381
Total assets	$	7,434,130		$	7,378,262

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Liabilities:
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing	$	2,334,083		$	2,539,602
Interest-bearing		3,866,955			3,628,470
Total deposits		6,201,038			6,168,072
Accrued interest payable		20,512			7,792
Bank's liability on acceptances		41			328
Borrowings		350,000			350,000
Subordinated debentures ($136,800 and $136,800 face amount less unamortized discount and debt issuance costs of $7,242 and $7,391 as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively)		129,558			129,409
Accrued expenses and other liabilities		70,816			85,146
Total liabilities		6,771,965			6,740,747
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; authorized 10,000,000 shares; no shares issued as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022		—			—
Common stock, $0.001 par value; authorized 62,500,000 shares; issued 33,827,801 shares (30,555,287 shares outstanding) and 33,708,234 shares (30,485,621 shares outstanding) as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively		33			33
Additional paid-in capital		584,884			583,410
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax benefit of $32,292 and $35,973 as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively		(79,059	)		(88,985	)
Retained earnings		283,910			269,542
Less treasury stock; 3,272,514 shares and 3,222,613 shares as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively		(127,603	)		(126,485	)
Total stockholders’ equity		662,165			637,515
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	7,434,130		$	7,378,262

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Hanmi Financial Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)

(in thousands, except share and per share data)


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Interest and dividend income:
Interest and fees on loans receivable	$	80,923	$	53,924
Interest on securities		4,025		2,516
Dividends on FHLB stock		289		248
Interest on deposits in other banks		2,066		216
Total interest and dividend income		87,303		56,904
Interest expense:
Interest on deposits		25,498		2,013
Interest on borrowings		2,369		337
Interest on subordinated debentures		1,583		3,598
Total interest expense		29,450		5,948
Net interest income before credit loss expense		57,853		50,956
Credit loss expense (recovery)		2,133		(1,375	)
Net interest income after credit loss expense (recovery)		55,720		52,331
Noninterest income:
Service charges on deposit accounts		2,579		2,875
Trade finance and other service charges and fees		1,258		1,142
Gain on sale of Small Business Administration ("SBA") loans		1,869		2,521
Other operating income		2,630		1,982
Total noninterest income		8,336		8,520
Noninterest expense:
Salaries and employee benefits		20,610		17,717
Occupancy and equipment		4,412		4,646
Data processing		3,253		3,236
Professional fees		1,335		1,430
Supplies and communications		676		665
Advertising and promotion		833		817
Other operating expenses		1,672		3,181
Total noninterest expense		32,791		31,692
Income before tax		31,265		29,159
Income tax expense		9,274		8,464
Net income	$	21,991	$	20,695
Basic earnings per share	$	0.72	$	0.68
Diluted earnings per share	$	0.72	$	0.68
Weighted-average shares outstanding:
Basic		30,347,325		30,254,212
Diluted		30,430,745		30,377,580

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Hanmi Financial Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited)

(in thousands)


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023			2022
Net income	$	21,991		$	20,695
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Unrealized gain (loss) on securities:
Unrealized holding gain (loss) arising during period		13,607			(52,163	)
Income tax benefit (expense) related to items of other comprehensive income		(3,681	)		15,787
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		9,926			(36,376	)
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	31,917		$	(15,681	)

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Hanmi Financial Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022

(in thousands, except share data)


	Common Stock - Number of Shares								Stockholders' Equity
													Accumulated
											Additional		Other						Treasury			Total
	Shares		Treasury			Shares			Common		Paid-in		Comprehensive			Retained			Stock,			Stockholders'
	Issued		Shares			Outstanding			Stock		Capital		Income (Loss)			Earnings			at Cost			Equity
Balance at January 1, 2022		33,603,839		(3,196,578	)		30,407,261		$	33	$	580,796	$	(8,443	)	$	196,784		$	(125,753	)	$	643,417
Restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures		66,358		—			66,358			—		—		—			—			—			—
Share-based compensation expense		—		—			—			—		541		—			—			—			541
Restricted stock surrendered due to employee tax liability		—		(5,161	)		(5,161	)		—		—		—			—			(134	)		(134	)
Cash dividends paid (common stock, $0.22/share)		—		—			—			—		—		—			(6,691	)		—			(6,691	)
Net income		—		—			—			—		—		—			20,695			—			20,695
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on securities available for sale, net of income taxes		—		—			—			—		—		(36,376	)		—			—			(36,376	)
Balance at March 31, 2022		33,670,197		(3,201,739	)		30,468,458		$	33	$	581,337	$	(44,819	)	$	210,788		$	(125,887	)	$	621,452

Balance at January 1, 2023		33,708,234		(3,222,613	)		30,485,621		$	33	$	583,410	$	(88,985	)	$	269,542		$	(126,485	)	$	637,515
Stock options exercised		50,000		(35,273	)		14,727			—		822		—			—			(1,003	)		(181	)
Restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures		69,567		—			69,567			—		—		—			—			—			—
Share-based compensation expense		—		—			—			—		652		—			—			—			652
Restricted stock surrendered due to employee tax liability		—		(11,392	)		(11,392	)		—		—		—			—			(40	)		(40	)
Options surrendered due to employee tax liability		—		(3,236	)		(3,236	)		—		—		—			—			(75	)		(75	)
Cash dividends paid (common stock, $0.25/share)		—		—			—			—		—		—			(7,623	)		—			(7,623	)
Net income		—		—			—			—		—		—			21,991			—			21,991
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on securities available for sale, net of income taxes		—		—			—			—		—		9,926			—			—			9,926
Balance at March 31, 2023		33,827,801		(3,272,514	)		30,555,287		$	33	$	584,884	$	(79,059	)	$	283,910		$	(127,603	)	$	662,165

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Hanmi Financial Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

(in thousands)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023			2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	21,991		$	20,695
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		1,742			6,024
Amortization of servicing assets - net		634			544
Share-based compensation expense		652			541
Credit loss expense (recovery)		2,133			(1,375	)
Gain on sales of SBA loans		(1,869	)		(2,521	)
Origination of SBA loans held for sale		(25,316	)		(31,853	)
Proceeds from sales of SBA loans		30,954			32,098
Change in bank-owned life insurance		(270	)		(244	)
Change in prepaid expenses and other assets		(3,000	)		(13,745	)
Change in income tax assets		8,585			7,908
Valuation adjustment on servicing assets		(384	)		—
Change in accrued interest payable and other liabilities		276			2,062
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities		36,128			20,134
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of securities available for sale		(29,504	)		(52,475	)
Proceeds from matured, called and repayment of securities		17,499			32,730
Purchases of loans receivable		—			(11,000	)
Purchases of premises and equipment		(617	)		(617	)
Change in loans receivable, excluding purchases		(14,773	)		(175,522	)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		(27,395	)		(206,884	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Change in deposits		32,966			(3,099	)
Change in borrowings		—			(12,500	)
Redemption of subordinated debentures, net of treasury debentures		—			(87,300	)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		822			—
Cash paid for surrender of vested shares due to employee tax liability		(1,118	)		(134	)
Cash dividends paid		(7,623	)		(6,691	)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		25,047			(109,724	)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and due from banks		33,780			(296,474	)
Cash and due from banks at beginning of year		352,421			608,965
Cash and due from banks at end of period	$	386,201		$	312,491
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Interest paid	$	16,730		$	6,143
Income taxes paid	$	334		$	129
Non-cash activities:
Income tax benefit related to items of other comprehensive income	$	(3,681	)	$	15,787
Change in right-of-use asset obtained in exchange for lease liability	$	(145	)	$	—

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Hanmi Financial Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 1 — Organization and Basis of Presentation

Hanmi Financial Corporation (“Hanmi Financial,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) is a bank holding company whose primary subsidiary is Hanmi Bank (the “Bank”). Our primary operations are related to traditional banking activities, including the acceptance of deposits and the lending and investing of money by the Bank.

In management’s opinion, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of Hanmi Financial and its subsidiaries reflect all adjustments of a normal and recurring nature that are necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods ended March 31, 2023, but are not necessarily indicative of the results that will be reported for the entire year or any other interim period. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted. The unaudited consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with GAAP and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. The interim information should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (the “2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K”).

The preparation of interim unaudited consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts reported in the unaudited financial statements and disclosures provided, and actual results could differ.

The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic may impact business activity or financial results will depend on future developments, including new variants that may emerge and the actions required to contain the coronavirus or treat its impact, among others, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted. This uncertainty may impact the accuracy of our significant estimates, which includes the allowance for credit losses, the allowance for credit losses related to off-balance sheet items, and the valuation of intangible assets, including deferred tax assets, goodwill, and servicing assets.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

FASB ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, On March 12, 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04 to ease the potential burden in accounting for reference rate reform. The amendments in ASU 2020-04 are elective and apply to all entities that have contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform.

The new guidance provided several optional expedients that reduce costs and complexity of accounting for reference rate reform, including measures to simplify or modify accounting issues resulting from reference rate reform for contract modifications, hedges, and debt securities.

FASB ASU 2022-06, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848: In March 2021, it was announced LIBOR would cease on June 30, 2023. Because the current relief in Topic 848 may not cover a period of time during which a significant number of modifications may take place, the amendments in this ASU will be deferred to December 31, 2024.

The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s operating results or financial condition.

Accounting Standards Adopted in 2023

FASB ASU 2022-02, Troubled Debt Restructurings ("TDRs") and Vintage Disclosures (Topic 326): The FASB amended the accounting and disclosure requirements for expected credit losses by removing the recognition and measurement guidance on TDRs and enhancing disclosures pertaining to certain loan refinancings and restructurings by creditors made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. Additionally, this standard requires disclosure of current-period gross write-offs by year of origination for financing receivables.

The adoption of this standard did not have a material effect on the Company’s operating results or financial condition.

Descriptions of our significant accounting policies are included in Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in the 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Note 2 — Securities

The following is a summary of securities available for sale as of the dates indicated:


			Gross		Gross			Estimated
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized			Fair
	Cost		Gain		Loss			Value
	(in thousands)
March 31, 2023
U.S. Treasury securities	$	56,174	$	79	$	(1,327	)	$	54,926
U.S. government agency and sponsored agency obligations:
Mortgage-backed securities - residential		532,117		152		(68,164	)		464,105
Mortgage-backed securities - commercial		61,489		—		(10,623	)		50,866
Collateralized mortgage obligations		112,021		69		(11,544	)		100,546
Debt securities		150,362		—		(9,994	)		140,368
Total U.S. government agency and sponsored agency obligations		855,989		221		(100,325	)		755,885
Municipal bonds-tax exempt		77,889		—		(9,999	)		67,890
Total securities available for sale	$	990,052	$	300	$	(111,651	)	$	878,701

December 31, 2022
U.S. Treasury securities	$	49,690	$	—	$	(1,664	)	$	48,026
U.S. government agency and sponsored agency obligations:
Mortgage-backed securities - residential		540,590		63		(75,501	)		465,152
Mortgage-backed securities - commercial		61,799		—		(10,507	)		51,292
Collateralized mortgage obligations		98,236		—		(12,751	)		85,485
Debt securities		150,338		—		(11,839	)		138,499
Total U.S. government agency and sponsored agency obligations		850,963		63		(110,598	)		740,428
Municipal bonds-tax exempt		78,143		—		(12,759	)		65,384
Total securities available for sale	$	978,796	$	63	$	(125,021	)	$	853,838

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, by contractual or expected maturity, are shown below. Collateralized mortgage obligations are included in the table shown below based on their expected maturities. All other securities are included based on their contractual maturities.


	March 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Available for Sale				Available for Sale
	Amortized		Estimated		Amortized		Estimated
	Cost		Fair Value		Cost		Fair Value
	(in thousands)
Within one year	$	35,558	$	35,134	$	28,665	$	28,043
Over one year through five years		187,050		175,950		180,322		167,000
Over five years through ten years		61,568		56,330		39,213		35,318
Over ten years		705,876		611,287		730,596		623,477
Total	$	990,052	$	878,701	$	978,796	$	853,838

The following table summarizes debt securities available-for-sale in an unrealized loss position for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, aggregated by major security type and length of time in a continuous unrealized loss position:


	Holding Period
	Less than 12 Months							12 Months or More							Total
	Gross			Estimated		Number		Gross			Estimated		Number		Gross			Estimated		Number
	Unrealized			Fair		of		Unrealized			Fair		of		Unrealized			Fair		of
	Loss			Value		Securities		Loss			Value		Securities		Loss			Value		Securities
	(in thousands, except number of securities)
March 31, 2023
U.S. Treasury securities	$	(186	)	$	24,606		11	$	(1,141	)	$	17,823		5	$	(1,327	)	$	42,429		16
U.S. government agency and sponsored agency obligations:
Mortgage-backed securities - residential		(989	)		30,094		16		(67,175	)		422,817		107		(68,164	)		452,911		123
Mortgage-backed securities - commercial		(65	)		4,094		1		(10,558	)		46,772		14		(10,623	)		50,866		15
Collateralized mortgage obligations		(426	)		18,991		5		(11,118	)		66,075		23		(11,544	)		85,066		28
Debt securities		(92	)		13,834		4		(9,902	)		126,534		26		(9,994	)		140,368		30
Total U.S. government agency and sponsored agency obligations		(1,572	)		67,013		26		(98,753	)		662,198		170		(100,325	)		729,211		196
Municipal bonds-tax exempt		—			—		—		(9,999	)		67,890		19		(9,999	)		67,890		19
Total	$	(1,758	)	$	91,619		37	$	(109,893	)	$	747,911		194	$	(111,651	)	$	839,530		231

December 31, 2022
U.S. Treasury securities	$	(414	)	$	33,812		14	$	(1,250	)	$	14,215		4	$	(1,664	)	$	48,027		18
U.S. government agency and sponsored agency obligations:
Mortgage-backed securities - residential		(1,712	)		36,009		18		(73,789	)		424,302		105		(75,501	)		460,311		123
Mortgage-backed securities - commercial		(84	)		4,069		1		(10,423	)		47,221		14		(10,507	)		51,290		15
Collateralized mortgage obligations		(1,011	)		23,606		8		(11,740	)		61,879		20		(12,751	)		85,485		28
Debt securities		(1,103	)		31,714		8		(10,736	)		106,785		22		(11,839	)		138,499		30
Total U.S. government agency and sponsored agency obligations		(3,910	)		95,398		35		(106,688	)		640,187		161		(110,598	)		735,585		196
Municipal bonds-tax exempt		—			—		—		(12,759	)		65,385		19		(12,759	)		65,385		19
Total	$	(4,324	)	$	129,210		49	$	(120,697	)	$	719,787		184	$	(125,021	)	$	848,997		233

The Company evaluates its available-for-sale securities portfolio for impairment on a quarterly basis. The Company did not recognize unrealized losses in income because we have the ability and the intent to hold and we do not expect to be required to sell these securities until the recovery of their cost basis. The quarterly impairment assessment takes into account the changes in the credit quality of these debt securities since acquisition and the likelihood of a credit loss occurring over the life of the securities. In the event that a credit loss is expected to occur in the future, an allowance is established and a corresponding credit loss is recognized. Based on this analysis, as of March 31, 2023, the Company determined that no credit losses are expected to be realized on the tax-exempt municipal bond portfolio. The remainder of the portfolio consists of U.S. Treasury obligations, U.S. government agency securities, and U.S. government sponsored agency securities, all of which have the backing of the U.S. government, and are therefore not expected to incur credit losses.

Securities available for sale with market values of $22.9 million and $23.4 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, were pledged to secure borrowings from the Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”) Discount Window and the new Bank Term Funding Program (“BTFP”).

At March 31, 2023, there were no holdings of securities of any one issuer, other than the U.S. government and its agencies in an amount greater than 10% of shareholders’ equity.

Note 3 — Loans

Loans Receivable

Loans consisted of the following as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2023			December 31, 2022
	(in thousands)
Real estate loans:
Commercial property
Retail	$	1,052,353		$	1,023,608
Hospitality		669,012			646,893
Office		533,703			499,946
Other (1)		1,415,748			1,553,729
Total commercial property loans		3,670,816			3,724,176
Construction		113,360			109,205
Residential (2)		817,917			734,472
Total real estate loans		4,602,093			4,567,853
Commercial and industrial loans (3)		778,149			804,492
Equipment financing agreements		600,216			594,788
Loans receivable		5,980,458			5,967,133
Allowance for credit losses		(72,249	)		(71,523	)
Loans receivable, net	$	5,908,209		$	5,895,610

(1)

Includes mixed-use, multifamily, industrial, gas stations, faith-based facilities, medical and warehouse; all other property types represent less than one percent of total loans receivable.

(2)

Includes $2.4 million and $2.4 million of home equity loans and lines, and $6.7 million and $4.6 of personal loans at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

(3)

At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Paycheck Protection Program loans were $0.7 million and $0.9 million, respectively.

Accrued interest on loans was $16.4 million and $16.0 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, loans of $2.43 billion and $1.99 billion, respectively, were pledged to secure advances from the FHLB.

Loans Held for Sale

The following is the activity for loans held for sale for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:


	Real Estate			Commercial and Industrial			Total
	(in thousands)
March 31, 2023
Balance at beginning of period	$	3,775		$	4,268		$	8,043
Originations and transfers		16,387			8,929			25,316
Sales		(19,781	)		(9,918	)		(29,699	)
Principal paydowns and amortization		(2	)		(6	)		(8	)
Balance at end of period	$	379		$	3,273		$	3,652

March 31, 2022
Balance at beginning of period	$	6,954		$	6,388		$	13,342
Originations and transfers		20,164			11,689			31,853
Sales		(15,293	)		(14,284	)		(29,577	)
Principal paydowns and amortization		—			(1	)		(1	)
Balance at end of period	$	11,825		$	3,792		$	15,617

Loans held for sale was comprised of $3.7 million and $8.0 million of the guaranteed portion of SBA 7(a) loans at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Allowance for Credit Losses

The following table details the information on the allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:


	Real Estate			Commercial and Industrial			Equipment Financing Agreements			Total
	(in thousands)
March 31, 2023
Balance at beginning of period	$	44,026		$	15,267		$	12,230		$	71,523
Charge-offs		(412	)		(210	)		(1,616	)		(2,238	)
Recoveries		68			235			480			783
Provision (recovery) for credit losses		(151	)		41			2,291			2,181
Ending balance	$	43,531		$	15,333		$	13,385		$	72,249

March 31, 2022
Balance at beginning of period	$	48,890		$	12,418		$	11,249		$	72,557
Charge-offs		(530	)		(58	)		(247	)		(835	)
Recoveries		197			317			423			937
Provision (recovery) for credit losses		(2,202	)		267			788			(1,147	)
Ending balance	$	46,355		$	12,944		$	12,213		$	71,512

The table below illustrates the allowance for credit losses by loan portfolio segment and each loan portfolio segment as a percentage of total loans.


	March 31, 2023										December 31, 2022
	Allowance Amount		Percentage of Total Allowance			Total Loans		Percentage of Total Loans			Allowance Amount		Percentage of Total Allowance			Total Loans		Percentage of Total Loans
	(dollars in thousands)
Real estate loans:
Commercial property
Retail	$	9,405		13.0	%	$	1,052,353		17.6	%	$	7,872		11.0	%	$	1,023,608		17.2	%
Hospitality		14,138		19.6			669,012		11.2			13,407		18.7			646,893		10.8
Office		2,509		3.5			533,703		8.9			2,293		3.2			499,946		8.4
Other		9,186		12.7			1,415,748		23.7			13,056		18.3			1,553,729		26.0
Total commercial property loans		35,238		48.8			3,670,816		61.4			36,628		51.2			3,724,176		62.4
Construction		4,003		5.5			113,360		1.9			4,022		5.7			109,205		1.8
Residential		4,290		6.0			817,917		13.7			3,376		4.7			734,472		12.4
Total real estate loans		43,531		60.3			4,602,093		77.0			44,026		61.6			4,567,853		76.6
Commercial and industrial loans		15,333		21.2			778,149		13.0			15,267		21.3			804,492		13.4
Equipment financing agreements		13,385		18.5			600,216		10.0			12,230		17.1			594,788		10.0
Total	$	72,249		100.0	%	$	5,980,458		100.0	%	$	71,523		100.0	%	$	5,967,133		100.0	%

The following table represents the amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans by class of loans as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, for which repayment is expected to be obtained through the sale of the underlying collateral.


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
	Amortized Cost		Amortized Cost
	(in thousands)
Real estate loans:
Commercial property
Retail	$	1,883	$	1,930
Hospitality		—		—
Office		—		—
Other (1)		259		256
Total commercial property loans		2,142		2,186
Residential		487		508
Total real estate loans		2,629		2,694
Commercial and industrial loans		10,002		—
Total	$	12,631	$	2,694

(1)

Includes mixed-use, multifamily, industrial, gas stations, faith-based facilities, medical and warehouse; all other property types represent less than one percent of total loans receivable.

Loan Quality Indicators

As part of the on-going monitoring of the quality of our loans portfolio, we utilize an internal loan grading system to identify credit risk and assign an appropriate grade (from 0 to 8) for each loan in our portfolio. A third-party loan review is performed at least on an annual basis. Additional adjustments are made when determined to be necessary. The loan grade definitions are as follows:

Pass and Pass-Watch: Pass and Pass-Watch loans, grades (0-4), are in compliance with the Bank’s credit policy and regulatory requirements, and do not exhibit any potential or defined weaknesses as defined under “Special Mention,” “Substandard” or “Doubtful.” This category is the strongest level of the Bank’s loan grading system. It consists of all performing loans with no identified credit weaknesses. It includes cash and stock/security secured loans or other investment grade loans.

Special Mention: A Special Mention loan, grade (5), has potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If not corrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment of the debt and result in a Substandard classification. Loans that have significant actual, not potential, weaknesses are considered more severely classified.

Substandard: A Substandard loan, grade (6), has a well-defined weakness that jeopardizes the liquidation of the debt. A loan graded Substandard is not protected by the sound worth and paying capacity of the borrower, or of the value and type of collateral pledged. With a Substandard loan, there is a distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the weaknesses or deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful: A Doubtful loan, grade (7), is one that has critical weaknesses that would make the collection or liquidation of the full amount due improbable. However, there may be pending events which may work to strengthen the loan, and therefore the amount or timing of a possible loss cannot be determined at the current time.

Loss: A loan classified as Loss, grade (8), is considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as active bank assets is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the loan has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this asset even though partial recovery may be possible in the future. Loans classified as Loss will be charged off in a timely manner.

Under regulatory guidance, loans graded special mention or worse are considered criticized loans, and loans graded substandard or worse are considered classified loans.

Loans by Vintage Year and Risk Rating


	Term Loans
	Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (1)
	2023		2022			2021			2020			2019		Prior			Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Total
	(in thousands)
March 31, 2023
Real estate loans:
Commercial property
Risk Rating									`
Pass / Pass-Watch	$	194,981	$	1,064,796		$	882,494		$	587,432		$	393,738	$	443,388		$	40,472	$	3,607,301
Special Mention		—		1,579			20,228			5,820			1,596		3,793			1,700		34,716
Classified		1,272		9,401			4,846			261			4,289		8,730			—		28,799
Total commercial property		196,253		1,075,776			907,568			593,513			399,623		455,911			42,172		3,670,816
YTD gross charge-offs		—		—			—			412			—		—			—		412
YTD net charge-offs		—		—			—			412			—		(67	)		—		345

Construction
Risk Rating
Pass / Pass-Watch		61,150		5,549			46,661			—			—		—			—		113,360
Special Mention		—		—			—			—			—		—			—		—
Classified		—		—			—			—			—		—			—		—
Total construction		61,150		5,549			46,661			—			—		—			—		113,360
YTD gross charge-offs		—		—			—			—			—		—			—		—
YTD net charge-offs		—		—			—			—			—		—			—		—

Residential
Risk Rating
Pass / Pass-Watch		94,413		400,059			169,111			13,007			228		132,970			7,624		817,412
Special Mention		—		—			—			—			—		—			500		500
Classified		—		—			—			—			—		5			—		5
Total residential		94,413		400,059			169,111			13,007			228		132,975			8,124		817,917
YTD gross charge-offs		—		—			—			—			—		—			—		—
YTD net charge-offs		—		—			—			—			—		(1	)		—		(1	)

Total real estate loans
Risk Rating
Pass / Pass-Watch		350,544		1,470,404			1,098,266			600,439			393,966		576,358			48,096		4,538,073
Special Mention		—		1,579			20,228			5,820			1,596		3,793			2,200		35,216
Classified		1,272		9,401			4,846			261			4,289		8,735			—		28,804
Total real estate loans		351,816		1,481,384			1,123,340			606,520			399,851		588,886			50,296		4,602,093
YTD gross charge-offs		—		—			—			412			—		—			—		412
YTD net charge-offs		—		—			—			412			—		(68	)		—		344

Commercial and industrial loans:
Risk Rating
Pass / Pass-Watch		134,247		224,285			102,649			37,591			22,070		17,962			198,428		737,232
Special Mention		—		—			8,998			—			—		126			20,000		29,124
Classified		—		940			—			—			85		273			10,495		11,793
Total commercial and industrial loans		134,247		225,225			111,647			37,591			22,155		18,361			228,923		778,149
YTD gross charge-offs		—		—			—			—			20		190			—		210
YTD net charge-offs		—		(13	)		(2	)		—			20		(30	)		—		(25	)

Equipment financing agreements:
Risk Rating
Pass / Pass-Watch		65,243		285,484			146,563			40,374			42,570		13,292			—		593,526
Special Mention		—		—			—			—			—		—			—		—
Classified		—		1,484			3,130			451			1,143		482			—		6,690
Total equipment financing agreements		65,243		286,968			149,693			40,825			43,713		13,774			—		600,216
YTD gross charge-offs		—		176			935			—			358		147			—		1,616
YTD net charge-offs		—		176			840			(6	)		154		(28	)		—		1,136

Total loans receivable:
Risk Rating
Pass / Pass-Watch		550,034		1,980,173			1,347,478			678,404			458,606		607,612			246,524		5,868,831
Special Mention		—		1,579			29,226			5,820			1,596		3,919			22,200		64,340
Classified		1,272		11,825			7,976			712			5,517		9,490			10,495		47,287
Total loans receivable	$	551,306	$	1,993,577		$	1,384,680		$	684,936		$	465,719	$	621,021		$	279,219	$	5,980,458
YTD gross charge-offs		—		176			935			412			378		337			—		2,238
YTD net charge-offs		—		163			838			406			174		(126	)		—		1,455

(1)

Includes extensions, renewals, or modifications of credit contracts, which consist of a new credit decision.


	Term Loans
	Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (1)
	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Total

December 31, 2022
Real estate loans:
Commercial property
Risk Rating
Pass / Pass-Watch	$	1,184,361	$	901,029	$	600,740	$	404,786	$	301,950	$	207,861	$	50,877	$	3,651,604
Special Mention		847		13,384		5,857		7,115		—		6,080		1,701		34,984
Classified		—		—		412		4,312		12,304		20,560		—		37,588
Total commercial property		1,185,208		914,413		607,009		416,213		314,254		234,501		52,578		3,724,176

Construction
Risk Rating
Pass / Pass-Watch		41,662		67,543		—		—		—		—		—		109,205
Special Mention		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Classified		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total construction		41,662		67,543		—		—		—		—		—		109,205

Residential
Risk Rating
Pass / Pass-Watch		405,975		173,236		13,102		232		731		134,766		5,422		733,464
Special Mention		—		—		—		—		—		—		500		500
Classified		12		—		—		—		—		496		—		508
Total residential		405,987		173,236		13,102		232		731		135,262		5,922		734,472

Total real estate loans
Risk Rating
Pass / Pass-Watch		1,631,998		1,141,808		613,842		405,018		302,681		342,627		56,299		4,494,273
Special Mention		847		13,384		5,857		7,115		—		6,080		2,201		35,484
Classified		12		—		412		4,312		12,304		21,056		—		38,096
Total real estate loans		1,632,857		1,155,192		620,111		416,445		314,985		369,763		58,500		4,567,853

Commercial and industrial loans:
Risk Rating
Pass / Pass-Watch		368,778		100,537		39,577		24,117		7,342		12,282		205,951		758,584
Special Mention		—		9,285		—		—		29		102		34,113		43,529
Classified		—		—		171		1,097		81		391		639		2,379
Total commercial and industrial loans		368,778		109,822		39,748		25,214		7,452		12,775		240,703		804,492

Equipment financing agreements:
Risk Rating
Pass / Pass-Watch		305,249		165,313		46,970		52,133		17,608		1,798		—		589,071
Special Mention		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Classified		630		2,542		311		1,581		565		88		—		5,717
Total equipment financing agreements		305,879		167,855		47,281		53,714		18,173		1,886		—		594,788

Total loans receivable:
Risk Rating
Pass / Pass-Watch		2,306,025		1,407,658		700,389		481,268		327,631		356,707		262,250		5,841,928
Special Mention		847		22,669		5,857		7,115		29		6,182		36,314		79,013
Classified		642		2,542		894		6,990		12,950		21,535		639		46,192
Total loans receivable	$	2,307,514	$	1,432,869	$	707,140	$	495,373	$	340,610	$	384,424	$	299,203	$	5,967,133

(1)

Includes extensions, renewals, or modifications of credit contracts, which consist of a new credit decision.

Loans by Vintage Year and Payment Performance


	Term Loans
	Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (1)
	2023		2022			2021			2020			2019		Prior			Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Total
	(in thousands)
March 31, 2023
Real estate loans:
Commercial property
Payment performance
Performing	$	196,253	$	1,075,696		$	907,568		$	593,252		$	399,623	$	453,511		$	42,172	$	3,668,075
Nonperforming		—		80			—			261			—		2,400			—		2,741
Total commercial property		196,253		1,075,776			907,568			593,513			399,623		455,911			42,172		3,670,816
YTD gross charge-offs		—		—			—			412			—		—			—		412
YTD net charge-offs		—		—			—			412			—		(67	)		—		345

Construction
Payment performance
Performing		61,150		5,549			46,661			—			—		—			—		113,360
Nonperforming		—		—			—			—			—		—			—		—
Total construction		61,150		5,549			46,661			—			—		—			—		113,360
YTD gross charge-offs		—		—			—			—			—		—			—		—
YTD net charge-offs		—		—			—			—			—		—			—		—

Residential
Payment performance
Performing		94,413		400,059			169,111			13,007			228		132,483			8,124		817,425
Nonperforming		—		—			—			—			—		492			—		492
Total residential		94,413		400,059			169,111			13,007			228		132,975			8,124		817,917
YTD gross charge-offs		—		—			—			—			—		—			—		—
YTD net charge-offs		—		—			—			—			—		(1	)		—		(1	)

Total real estate loans
Payment performance
Performing		351,816		1,481,304			1,123,340			606,259			399,851		585,994			50,296		4,598,860
Nonperforming		—		80			—			261			—		2,892			—		3,233
Total real estate loans		351,816		1,481,384			1,123,340			606,520			399,851		588,886			50,296		4,602,093
YTD gross charge-offs		—		—			—			412			—		—			—		412
YTD net charge-offs		—		—			—			412			—		(68	)		—		344

Commercial and industrial loans:
Payment performance
Performing		134,247		225,225			111,647			37,591			22,149		18,242			218,921		768,022
Nonperforming		—		—			—			—			6		119			10,002		10,127
Total commercial and industrial loans		134,247		225,225			111,647			37,591			22,155		18,361			228,923		778,149
YTD gross charge-offs		—		—			—			—			20		190			—		210
YTD net charge-offs		—		(13	)		(2	)		—			20		(30	)		—		(25	)

Equipment financing agreements:
Payment performance
Performing		65,243		285,484			146,563			40,374			42,570		13,292			—		593,526
Nonperforming		—		1,484			3,130			451			1,143		482			—		6,690
Total equipment financing agreements		65,243		286,968			149,693			40,825			43,713		13,774			—		600,216
YTD gross charge-offs		—		176			935			—			358		147			—		1,616
YTD net charge-offs		—		176			840			(6	)		154		(28	)		—		1,136

Total loans receivable:
Payment performance
Performing		551,306		1,992,013			1,381,550			684,224			464,570		617,528			269,217		5,960,408
Nonperforming		—		1,564			3,130			712			1,149		3,493			10,002		20,050
Total loans receivable	$	551,306	$	1,993,577		$	1,384,680		$	684,936		$	465,719	$	621,021		$	279,219	$	5,980,458
YTD gross charge-offs		—		176			935			412			378		337			—		2,238
YTD net charge-offs		—		163			838			406			174		(126	)		—		1,455

(1)

Includes extensions, renewals, or modifications of credit contracts, which consist of a new credit decision.


	Term Loans
	Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (1)
	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Total

December 31, 2022
Real estate loans:
Commercial property
Payment performance
Performing	$	1,185,208	$	914,413	$	606,597	$	416,213	$	312,324	$	233,643	$	52,578	$	3,720,976
Nonperforming		—		—		412		—		1,930		858				3,200
Total commercial property		1,185,208		914,413		607,009		416,213		314,254		234,501		52,578		3,724,176

Construction
Payment performance
Performing		41,662		67,543		—		—		—		—		—		109,205
Nonperforming		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total construction		41,662		67,543		—		—		—		—		—		109,205

Residential
Payment performance
Performing		405,975		173,236		13,102		232		731		134,766		5,922		733,964
Nonperforming		12		—		—		—		—		496		—		508
Total residential		405,987		173,236		13,102		232		731		135,262		5,922		734,472

Total real estate loans
Payment performance
Performing		1,632,845		1,155,192		619,699		416,445		313,055		368,409		58,500		4,564,145
Nonperforming		12		—		412		—		1,930		1,354		—		3,708
Total real estate loans		1,632,857		1,155,192		620,111		416,445		314,985		369,763		58,500		4,567,853

Commercial and industrial loans:
Payment performance
Performing		368,778		109,822		39,577		25,199		7,452		12,539		240,703		804,070
Nonperforming		—		—		171		15		—		236		—		422
Total commercial and industrial loans		368,778		109,822		39,748		25,214		7,452		12,775		240,703		804,492

Equipment financing agreements:
Payment performance
Performing		305,249		165,313		46,970		52,133		17,608		1,798		—		589,071
Nonperforming		630		2,542		311		1,581		565		88		—		5,717
Total equipment financing agreements		305,879		167,855		47,281		53,714		18,173		1,886		—		594,788

Total loans receivable:
Payment performance
Performing		2,306,872		1,430,327		706,246		493,777		338,115		382,746		299,203		5,957,286
Nonperforming		642		2,542		894		1,596		2,495		1,678		—		9,847
Total loans receivable	$	2,307,514	$	1,432,869	$	707,140	$	495,373	$	340,610	$	384,424	$	299,203	$	5,967,133

(1)

Includes extensions, renewals, or modifications of credit contracts, which consist of a new credit decision.

The following is an aging analysis of loans, including loans on nonaccrual status, disaggregated by loan class, as of the dates indicated:


	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 Days or More Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Total		Accruing 90 Days or More Past Due
	(in thousands)
March 31, 2023
Real estate loans:
Commercial property
Retail	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,052,353	$	1,052,353	$	—
Hospitality		158		—		—		158		668,854		669,012		—
Office		—		—		—		—		533,703		533,703		—
Other		—		—		—		—		1,415,748		1,415,748		—
Total commercial property loans		158		—		—		158		3,670,658		3,670,816		—
Construction		—		—		—		—		113,360		113,360		—
Residential		1,669		—		—		1,669		816,248		817,917		—
Total real estate loans		1,827		—		—		1,827		4,600,266		4,602,093		—
Commercial and industrial loans		7,038		1		—		7,039		771,110		778,149		—
Equipment financing agreements		6,379		1,553		3,553		11,485		588,731		600,216		—
Total loans receivable	$	15,244	$	1,554	$	3,553	$	20,351	$	5,960,107	$	5,980,458	$	—

December 31, 2022
Real estate loans:
Commercial property
Retail	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,023,608	$	1,023,608	$	—
Hospitality		—		—		—		—		646,893		646,893		—
Office		—		—		—		—		499,946		499,946		—
Other		—		494		—		494		1,553,235		1,553,729		—
Total commercial property loans		—		494		—		494		3,723,682		3,724,176		—
Construction		—		—		—		—		109,205		109,205		—
Residential		313		804		7		1,124		733,348		734,472		—
Total real estate loans		313		1,298		7		1,618		4,566,235		4,567,853		—
Commercial and industrial loans		77		79		—		156		804,336		804,492		—
Equipment financing agreements		5,825		1,271		2,949		10,045		584,743		594,788		—
Total loans receivable	$	6,215	$	2,648	$	2,956	$	11,819	$	5,955,314	$	5,967,133	$	—

Nonaccrual Loans and Nonperforming Assets

The following table represents the amortized cost basis of loans on nonaccrual status and loans past due 90 days and still accruing as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.


	March 31, 2023
	Nonaccrual Loans With No Allowance for Credit Losses		Nonaccrual Loans With Allowance for Credit Losses		Loans Past Due 90 Days Still Accruing		Total Nonperforming Loans
	(in thousands)
Real estate loans:
Commercial property
Retail	$	2,144	$	—	$	—	$	2,144
Hospitality		—		65		—		65
Office		—		—		—		—
Other		259		273		—		532
Total commercial property loans		2,403		338		—		2,741
Residential		487		5		—		492
Total real estate loans		2,890		343		—		3,233
Commercial and industrial loans		—		10,127		—		10,127
Equipment financing agreements		358		6,332		—		6,690
Total	$	3,248	$	16,802	$	—	$	20,050

	December 31, 2022
	Nonaccrual Loans With No Allowance for Credit Losses		Nonaccrual Loans With Allowance for Credit Losses		Loans Past Due 90 Days Still Accruing		Total Nonperforming Loans
	(in thousands)
Real estate loans:
Commercial property
Retail	$	1,929	$	—	$	—	$	1,929
Office		—		—		—		—
Other		540		731		—		1,271
Total commercial property loans		2,469		731		—		3,200
Residential		508		—		—		508
Total real estate loans		2,977		731		—		3,708
Commercial and industrial loans		—		422		—		422
Equipment financing agreements		215		5,501		—		5,716
Total	$	3,192	$	6,654	$	—	$	9,846

The Company recognized $104,000 and $27,000 of interest income on nonaccrual loans for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The following table details nonperforming assets as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(in thousands)
Nonaccrual loans	$	20,050	$	9,846
Loans receivable 90 days or more past due and still accruing		—		—
Total nonperforming loans receivable		20,050		9,846
Other real estate owned ("OREO")		117		117
Total nonperforming assets	$	20,167	$	9,963

OREO is included in prepaid expenses and other assets in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

Loan Modifications

No loans were modified during the three months ended March 31, 2023 or 2022.

Note 4 — Servicing Assets

The changes in servicing assets for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023			2022
	(in thousands)

Balance at beginning of period	$	7,176		$	7,080
Addition related to sale of SBA loans		615			667
Amortization		(635	)		(545	)
Change in valuation allowance		385			—
Balance at end of period	$	7,541		$	7,202

At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we serviced loans sold to unaffiliated parties of $525.5 million and $523.6 million, respectively. These represented loans that were sold for which the Bank continues to provide servicing. These loans are maintained off-balance sheet and are not included in the loans receivable balance. All of the loans serviced were SBA loans.

The Company recorded servicing fee income of $1.3 million and $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Servicing fee income, net of the amortization of servicing assets, is included in other operating income in the consolidated statements of income. Amortization expense was $0.6 million and $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The fair value of servicing rights was $8.6 million at March 31, 2023 and was determined using discount rates ranging from 12.0% to 13.9% and prepayment speeds ranging from 10.9% to 17.2%, depending on the stratification of the specific right. The fair value of servicing rights was $7.1 million at December 31, 2022 and was determined using discount rates ranging from 21.9% to 25.3% and prepayment speeds ranging from 10.8% to 16.7%, depending on the stratification of the specific right.

Note 5 — Income Taxes

The Company’s income tax expense was $9.3 million and $8.5 million, representing an effective income tax rate of 29.7% and 29.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Management concluded that as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, a valuation allowance of $1.3 million was appropriate against certain state net operating loss carry forwards and certain tax credits. For all other deferred tax assets, management believes it was more likely than not these deferred tax assets will be realized principally through future taxable income and reversal of existing taxable temporary differences. Net income tax assets were $39.7 million and $51.9 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

As of March 31, 2023, the Company was subject to examination by various taxing authorities for its federal and state tax returns for the years ending on or after December 31, 2018. During the quarter ended March 31, 2023, there was no material change to the Company’s uncertain tax positions. The Company does not expect its unrecognized tax positions to change significantly over the next twelve months.

Note 6 — Goodwill and other Intangibles

The third-party originators intangible of $0.5 million and goodwill of $11.0 million were recorded as a result of the acquisition of an equipment financing agreements portfolio in 2016. The core deposit intangible of $2.2 million was recognized for the core deposits acquired in a 2014 acquisition. The Company’s intangible assets were as follows for the periods indicated:


		March 31, 2023							December 31, 2022
	Amortization Period	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount
		(in thousands)
Core deposit intangible	10 years	$	2,213	$	(2,060	)	$	153	$	2,213	$	(2,031	)	$	182
Third-party originators intangible	7 years		483		(474	)		9		483		(471	)		12
Goodwill	N/A		11,031		—			11,031		11,031		—			11,031
Total intangible assets		$	13,727	$	(2,534	)	$	11,193	$	13,727	$	(2,502	)	$	11,225

The Company performed an impairment analysis on its goodwill and other intangible assets as of December 31, 2022 and determined there was no impairment. No triggering event has occurred subsequent to December 31, 2022 that would require a reassessment of goodwill and other intangible assets.

Note 7 — Deposits

Time deposits exceeding the FDIC insurance limit of $250,000 as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were $1.05 billion and $697.0 million, respectively.

The scheduled maturities of time deposits are as follows for the periods indicated:


At March 31, 2023	Time Deposits of $250,000 or More		Other Time Deposits		Total
	(in thousands)
2023	$	645,391	$	927,402	$	1,572,793
2024		404,225		395,667		799,892
2025		266		3,860		4,126
2026		263		2,549		2,812
2027 and thereafter		—		615		615
Total	$	1,050,145	$	1,330,093	$	2,380,238

At December 31, 2022
2023	$	696,470	$	1,185,020	$	1,881,490
2024		—		68,037		68,037
2025		266		3,151		3,417
2026		263		2,430		2,693
2027 and thereafter		—		570		570
Total	$	696,999	$	1,259,208	$	1,956,207

Accrued interest payable on deposits was $20.5 million and $7.8 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Total deposits reclassified to loans due to overdrafts at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were $1.4 million and $1.2 million, respectively.

Note 8 — Borrowings and Subordinated Debentures

At March 31, 2023, the Bank had $250.0 million of overnight advances and $100.0 million of term advances outstanding with the FHLB with a weighted average interest rate of 5.11% and 1.60% respectively. At December 31, 2022, the Bank had $250.0 million of overnight advances and $100.0 million of term advances with the FHLB with a weighted average rate of 4.65% and 0.87%, respectively. Interest expense on borrowings for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $2.4 million and $0.3 million, respectively.


	March 31, 2023					December 31, 2022
	Outstanding Balance		Weighted Average Rate			Outstanding Balance		Weighted Average Rate
	(dollars in thousands)
Overnight advances	$	250,000		5.11	%	$	250,000		4.65	%
Advances due within 12 months		50,000		0.37			50,000		0.97
Advances due over 12 months through 24 months		25,000		1.22			37,500		0.40
Advances due over 24 months through 36 months		25,000		4.44			12,500		1.90
Outstanding advances	$	350,000		4.11	%	$	350,000		3.57	%

The following is financial data pertaining to FHLB advances:


	March 31, 2023			December 31, 2022
	(dollars in thousands)
Weighted-average interest rate at end of period		4.11	%		3.57	%
Weighted-average interest rate during the period		3.58	%		1.52	%
Average balance of FHLB advances	$	268,056		$	148,027
Maximum amount outstanding at any month-end	$	350,000		$	350,000

The Bank maintains a secured credit facility with the FHLB, allowing the Bank to borrow on an overnight and term basis. The Bank had $2.43 billion and $1.99 billion of loans pledged as collateral with the FHLB as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The remaining available borrowing capacity was $1.15 billion and $1.07 billion at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

The Bank also had securities with market values of $22.9 million and $23.4 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, pledged with the FRB, which provided $22.2 million and $22.0 million in available borrowing capacity through the Fed Discount Window and the new BTFP of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

On August 20, 2021, the Company issued $110.0 million of Fixed-to-Floating Subordinated Notes (“2031 Notes”) with a maturity date of September 1, 2031. The 2031 Notes have an initial fixed interest rate of 3.75% per annum, payable semiannually in arrears on March 1 and September 1 of each year, up to but excluding September 1, 2026. From and including September 1, 2026 and thereafter, the 2031 Notes will bear interest at a floating rate per annum equal to the Benchmark rate (which is expected to be the Three-Month Term SOFR) plus 310 basis points, payable quarterly in arrears on March 1, June 1, September 1 and December 1 of each year. If the then current three-month term SOFR rate is less than zero, the three-month SOFR will be deemed to be zero. Debt issuance cost was $2.1 million, which is being amortized through the 2031 Notes’ maturity date. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the balance of the 2031 Notes included in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet, net of issuance cost, was $108.2 million.

The Company issued $100.0 million of Fixed-to-Floating Subordinated Notes (“2027 Notes”) on March 21, 2017, with a maturity on March 30, 2027. The 2027 Notes had an initial fixed interest rate of 5.45% per annum. From and including March 30, 2022 and thereafter, the 2027 Notes bore interest at a floating rate equal to the then current three-month LIBOR, as calculated on each applicable date of determination, plus 3.315% payable quarterly.

On March 30, 2022, the Company redeemed its 2027 Notes. A portion of the redemption was funded with the proceeds from the Company’s 2021 subordinated debt offering. The redemption price for each of the 2027 Notes equaled 100% of the outstanding principal amount redeemed, plus any accrued and unpaid interest thereon. All interest accrued on the 2027 Notes ceased to accrue on and after March 30, 2022. Upon the redemption, the Company recognized a pre-tax charge of $1.1 million for the remaining unamortized debt issuance costs associated with the 2027 Notes.

The Company assumed Junior Subordinated Deferrable Interest Debentures (“Subordinated Debentures”) as a result of an acquisition in 2014 with an unpaid principal balance of $26.8 million and an estimated fair value of $18.5 million. The $8.3 million discount is being amortized to interest expense through the debentures’ maturity date of March 15, 2036. A trust was formed in 2005

which issued $26.0 million of Trust Preferred Securities (“TPS”) at a 6.26% fixed rate for the first five years and a variable rate of three-month LIBOR plus 140 basis points thereafter and invested the proceeds in the Subordinated Debentures. The rate on the TPS at March 31, 2023 was 6.27%. The TPS will be subject to mandatory redemption if the Subordinated Debentures are repaid by the Company. Interest is payable quarterly, and the Company has the option to defer interest payments on the Subordinated Debentures from time to time for a period not to exceed five consecutive years. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the balance of Subordinated Debentures included in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets, net of discount of $5.5 million and $5.6 million, was $21.3 million and $21.2 million, respectively. The amortization of discount was $104,000 and $102,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Note 9 — Earnings Per Share

Earnings per share (“EPS”) is calculated on both a basic and a diluted basis. Basic EPS excludes dilution and is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted from the issuance of common stock that then shared in earnings, excluding common shares in treasury. For diluted EPS, the weighted-average number of common shares includes the impact of unvested performance stock units (“PSUs”) under the treasury method.

Unvested restricted stock containing rights to non-forfeitable dividends are considered participating securities prior to vesting and have been included in the earnings allocation in computing basic and diluted EPS under the two-class method.

The following table is a reconciliation of the components used to derive basic and diluted EPS for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
	(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Basic EPS
Net income	$	21,991	$	20,695
Less: income allocated to unvested restricted stock		117		124
Income allocated to common shares	$	21,874	$	20,571
Weighted-average shares for basic EPS		30,347,325		30,254,212
Basic EPS (1)	$	0.72	$	0.68

Effect of dilutive stock options and unvested performance stock units		83,420		123,368

Diluted EPS
Income allocated to common shares	$	21,874	$	20,571
Weighted-average shares for diluted EPS		30,430,745		30,377,580
Diluted EPS (1)	$	0.72	$	0.68

(1)

Per share amounts may not be able to be recalculated using net income and weighted-average shares presented above due to rounding.

On a weighted-average basis, options to purchase 31,034 shares of common stock were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2023, because their effect would have been anti-dilutive. There were no anti-dilutive stock options for the three months ended March 31, 2022. There were no anti-dilutive unvested PSUs outstanding for the three months ended March 31, 2023 or 2022.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company issued 52,450 PSUs to executive officers from the 2021 Equity Compensation plan with a fair value of $1.1 million on the grant date of March 10, 2023. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company issued 38,036 PSUs to executive officers from the 2021 Equity Compensation Plan with a fair value of $1.0 million on the grant date of March 23, 2022. These units have a three-year cliff vesting period and include dividend equivalent rights. Total PSUs outstanding as of March 31, 2023 were 157,049 with an aggregate grant fair value of $3.1 million. Total PSUs outstanding as of March 31, 2022 were 104,599 with an aggregate grant fair value of $2.0 million.

Note 10 — Regulatory Matters

Federal bank regulatory agencies require bank holding companies and banks to maintain a minimum ratio of qualifying total capital to risk-weighted assets of 8.0% and a minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of 6.0%. In addition to the risk-based guidelines, federal bank regulatory agencies require bank holding companies and banks to maintain a minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to average assets, referred to as the leverage ratio, of 4.0%.

In order for banks to be considered “well capitalized,” federal bank regulatory agencies require a minimum ratio of qualifying total capital to risk-weighted assets of 10.0% and a minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of 8.0%. In addition to the risk-based guidelines, federal bank regulatory agencies require depository institutions to maintain a minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to average assets, referred to as the leverage ratio, of 5.0%.

At March 31, 2023, the Bank’s capital ratios exceeded the minimum requirements for the Bank to be considered “well capitalized” and the Company exceeded all of its applicable minimum regulatory capital ratio requirements.

A capital conservation buffer of 2.5% must be met to avoid limitations on the ability of the Bank and the Company to pay dividends, repurchase shares or pay discretionary bonuses. The Bank's capital conservation buffer was 6.15% and 5.86% and the Company's capital conservation buffer was 5.94% and 5.71% as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

In March 2020, federal banking agencies announced an interim final rule to delay the impact on regulatory capital arising from the implementation of CECL. The interim final rule maintains the three-year transition option in the previous rule and provides banks the option to delay for two years an estimate of CECL’s effect on regulatory capital, relative to the incurred loss methodology’s effect on regulatory capital, followed by a three-year transition period (five-year transition option). The Company and the Bank adopted the capital transition relief over the permissible five-year period.

The capital ratios of Hanmi Financial and the Bank as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were as follows:


						Minimum					Minimum to Be
						Regulatory					Categorized as
	Actual					Requirement					“Well Capitalized”
	Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio
	(dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2023
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets):
Hanmi Financial	$	917,551		14.80	%	$	495,951		8.00	%	N/A		N/A
Hanmi Bank	$	876,961		14.15	%	$	495,874		8.00	%	$	619,842		10.00	%
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets):
Hanmi Financial	$	740,064		11.94	%	$	371,963		6.00	%	N/A		N/A
Hanmi Bank	$	809,474		13.06	%	$	371,905		6.00	%	$	495,874		8.00	%
Common equity Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)
Hanmi Financial	$	718,717		11.59	%	$	278,973		4.50	%	N/A		N/A
Hanmi Bank	$	809,474		13.06	%	$	278,929		4.50	%	$	402,897		6.50	%
Tier 1 capital (to average assets):
Hanmi Financial	$	740,064		10.09	%	$	293,509		4.00	%	N/A		N/A
Hanmi Bank	$	809,474		11.06	%	$	292,658		4.00	%	$	365,822		5.00	%

December 31, 2022
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets):
Hanmi Financial	$	901,239		14.49	%	$	497,508		8.00	%	N/A		N/A
Hanmi Bank	$	860,503		13.86	%	$	496,607		8.00	%	$	620,758		10.00	%
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets):
Hanmi Financial	$	728,344		11.71	%	$	373,131		6.00	%	N/A		N/A
Hanmi Bank	$	797,608		12.85	%	$	372,455		6.00	%	$	496,607		8.00	%
Common equity Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)
Hanmi Financial	$	707,101		11.37	%	$	279,848		4.50	%	N/A		N/A
Hanmi Bank	$	797,608		12.85	%	$	279,341		4.50	%	$	403,493		6.50	%
Tier 1 capital (to average assets):
Hanmi Financial	$	728,344		10.07	%	$	289,311		4.00	%	N/A		N/A
Hanmi Bank	$	797,608		11.07	%	$	288,110		4.00	%	$	360,137		5.00	%

Note 11 — Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value including a three-level valuation hierarchy, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The three-level fair value hierarchy requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value are defined as follows:

•

Level 1 - Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.

•

Level 2 - Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, and other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

•

Level 3 - Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

Fair value is used on a recurring basis for certain assets and liabilities in which fair value is the primary basis of accounting. Additionally, fair value is used on a non-recurring basis to evaluate assets or liabilities for impairment or for disclosure purposes.

We record securities available for sale at fair value on a recurring basis. Certain other assets, such as loans held for sale, impaired loans, OREO, and core deposit intangible, are recorded at fair value on a non-recurring basis. Non-recurring fair value measurements typically involve assets that are periodically evaluated for impairment and for which any impairment is recorded in the period in which the re-measurement is performed.

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instrument below:

Securities available for sale - The fair values of securities available for sale are determined by obtaining quoted prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges. If quoted prices are not available, fair values are measured using matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique used widely in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted securities, or other model-based valuation techniques requiring observable inputs other than quoted prices such as yield curve, prepayment speeds, and default rates. Level 1 securities include U.S. Treasury securities that are traded on an active exchange or by dealers or brokers in active over-the-counter markets. The fair value of these securities is determined by quoted prices on an active exchange or over-the-counter market. Level 2 securities primarily include U.S. government agency and sponsored agency mortgage-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations and debt securities as well as municipal bonds in markets that are active. In determining the fair value of the securities categorized as Level 2, we obtain reports from nationally recognized broker-dealers detailing the fair value of each investment security held as of each reporting date. The broker-dealers use prices obtained from nationally recognized pricing services to value our fixed income securities. The fair value of the municipal securities is determined based on pricing data provided by nationally recognized pricing services. We review the prices obtained for reasonableness based on our understanding of the marketplace, and also consider any credit issues related to the bonds. As we have not made any adjustments to the market quotes provided to us and as they are based on observable market data, they have been categorized as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy. Level 3 securities are instruments that are not traded in the market. As such, no observable market data for the instrument is available, which necessitates the use of significant unobservable inputs.

Derivatives – The fair values of derivatives are based on valuation models using observable market data as of the measurement date (Level 2). Our derivatives are traded in an over-the-counter market where quoted market prices are not always available. Therefore, the fair values of derivatives are determined using quantitative models that utilize multiple market inputs. The inputs will vary based on the type of derivative, but could include interest rates, prices and indices to generate continuous yield or pricing curves, prepayment rates, and volatility factors to value the position. The majority of market inputs are actively quoted and can be validated through external sources, including brokers, market transactions and third-party pricing services.

Loans held for sale - Loans held for sale includes the guaranteed portion of SBA 7(a) loans carried at the lower of cost or fair value. Management obtains quotes, bids or pricing indication sheets on all or part of the loans directly from the purchasing financial institutions. Premiums received or to be received on the quotes, bids or pricing indication sheets are indicative of the fact that cost is lower than fair value. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the entire balance of loans held for sale was recorded at its cost. We record loans held for sale on a nonrecurring basis with Level 2 inputs.

Nonperforming loans – Nonaccrual loans receivable and loans 90-days past due and still accruing interest are considered nonperforming for reporting purposes and are measured and recorded at fair value on a non-recurring basis. All nonperforming loans with a carrying balance over $250,000 are individually evaluated for the amount of impairment, if any. Nonperforming loans with a carrying balance of $250,000 or less are evaluated collectively. However, from time to time, nonrecurring fair value adjustments to collateral dependent nonperforming loans are recorded based on either the current appraised value of the collateral, or management’s judgment and estimation of value reported on older appraisals that are then adjusted based on recent market trends, and result in a Level 3 measurement.

OREO - Fair value of OREO is based primarily on third party appraisals, less costs to sell and result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. Appraisals are required annually and may be updated more frequently as circumstances require and the fair value adjustments are made to OREO based on the updated appraised value of the property.

Servicing assets - On a quarterly basis, the Company utilizes a third party service to evaluate servicing assets related to loans sold to unaffiliated parties with servicing retained, and result in a Level 3 classification. Servicing assets are assessed for impairment or increased obligation based on fair value at each reporting date.

Other repossessed assets – Fair value of equipment from equipment financing agreements contracts is based primarily on a third party valuation service, less costs to sell and result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. Valuations are required at the time the asset is repossessed and may be subsequently updated periodically due to the Company’s short-term possession of the asset prior to sale or as circumstances require and the fair value adjustments are made to the asset based on its value prior to sale.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows:


	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
			Significant
			Observable
	Quoted Prices in		Inputs with No
	Active Markets		Active Market		Significant
	for Identical		with Identical		Unobservable
	Assets		Characteristics		Inputs		Total Fair Value
	(in thousands)
March 31, 2023
Assets:
Securities available for sale:
U.S. Treasury securities	$	54,926	$	—	$	—	$	54,926
U.S. government agency and sponsored agency obligations:
Mortgage-backed securities - residential		—		464,105		—		464,105
Mortgage-backed securities - commercial		—		50,866		—		50,866
Collateralized mortgage obligations		—		100,546		—		100,546
Debt securities		—		140,368		—		140,368
Total U.S. government agency and sponsored agency obligations		—		755,885		—		755,885
Municipal bonds-tax exempt		—		67,890		—		67,890
Total securities available for sale	$	54,926	$	823,775	$	—	$	878,701
Derivative financial instruments	$	—	$	5,621	$	—	$	5,621

Liabilities:
Derivative financial instruments	$	—	$	5,617	$	—	$	5,617

December 31, 2022
Assets:
Securities available for sale:
U.S. Treasury securities	$	48,026	$	—	$	—	$	48,026
U.S. government agency and sponsored agency obligations:
Mortgage-backed securities - residential		—		465,152		—		465,152
Mortgage-backed securities - commercial		—		51,292		—		51,292
Collateralized mortgage obligations		—		85,485		—		85,485
Debt securities		—		138,499		—		138,499
Total U.S. government agency and sponsored agency obligations		—		740,428		—		740,428
Municipal bonds-tax exempt		—		65,384		—		65,384
Total securities available for sale	$	48,026	$	805,812	$	—	$	853,838
Derivative financial instruments	$	—	$	7,507	$	—	$	7,507

Liabilities:
Derivative financial instruments	$	—	$	7,375	$	—	$	7,375

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis are as follows:


			Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
					Significant
					Observable
			Quoted Prices in		Inputs With No
			Active Markets		Active Market		Significant
			for Identical		With Identical		Unobservable
	Total		Assets		Characteristics		Inputs
	(in thousands)
March 31, 2023
Assets:
Collateral dependent loans (1)	$	10,191	$	—	$	—	$	10,191
Other real estate owned		117		—		—		117
Repossessed personal property		629		—		—		629

December 31, 2022
Assets:
Collateral dependent loans (2)	$	2,694	$	—	$	—	$	2,694
Other real estate owned		117		—		—		117
Repossessed personal property		467		—		—		467
Servicing assets		7,176		—		—		7,176

(1)

Consisted of real estate loans of $2.6 million and commercial and industrial loans of $7.6 million, which were secured by real estate and business assets.

(2)

Consisted of real estate loans of $2.7 million.

The following table represents quantitative information about Level 3 fair value assumptions for assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:


	Fair Value		Valuation Techniques	Unobservable Input(s)	Range (Weighted Average)
	(in thousands)
March 31, 2023
Collateral dependent loans:
Real estate loans:
Commercial property
Retail	$	1,883	Market approach	Adjustments to market data	5% to 25% / 16%	(1)
Other		259	Market approach	Adjustments to market data	(35)% to (10)% / (24)%	(1)
Residential		487	Market approach	Adjustments to market data	(13)% to 5% / (2)%	(1)
Total real estate loans		2,629
Commercial and industrial loans		7,562	Market approach	Adjustments to market data	10% to 15% / 11%	(1)
Total	$	10,191

Other real estate owned	$	117	Market approach	Adjustments to market data	(10)% to 5% / (2)%	(1)

Repossessed personal property		629	Market approach	Adjustments to market data		(2)

December 31, 2022
Collateral dependent loans:
Real estate loans:
Commercial property
Retail	$	1,930	Market approach	Adjustments to market data	5% to 25% / 16%	(1)
Other		256	Market approach	Adjustments to market data	(42)% to 3% / (24)%	(1)
Residential		508	Market approach	Adjustments to market data	(15)% to 3% / (1)%	(1)
Total real estate loans		2,694
Total	$	2,694

Other real estate owned	$	117	Market approach	Adjustments to market data	(20)% to 20% / (2)%	(1)

Repossessed personal property		467	Market approach	Adjustments to market data		(2)

Servicing assets		7,176	Market approach	Prepayment rate Discount rate	11% to 17% / 16% 22% to 25% / 22%	(3)

(1)

Appraisal reports utilize a combination of valuation techniques including a market approach, where prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving similar or comparable properties are used to determine the appraised value. Appraisals may include an ‘as is’ and ‘upon completion’ valuation scenarios. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by third-party appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data. Adjustments also result from the consideration of relevant economic and demographic factors with the potential to affect property values. Also, prospective values are based on the market conditions which exist at the date of inspection combined with informed forecasts based on current trends in supply and demand for the property types under appraisal. Positive adjustments disclosed in this table represent increases to the sales comparison and negative adjustments represent decreases.

(2)

The equipment is usually too small in value to use a professional appraisal service. The values are determined internally using a combination of auction values, vendor recommendations and sales comparisons depending on the equipment type. Some highly commoditized equipment, such as commercial trucks have services that provide industry values.

(3)

Fair value is based on a valuation model using the present value of estimated future cash flows, prepayment speeds, default rates, and discount rates. Servicing assets are subsequently measured using the amortization method which requires servicing rights to be amortized into income over the period of the estimated future net servicing income of the underlying loans.

ASC 825, Financial Instruments, requires disclosure of the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities, including those financial assets and financial liabilities that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis or non-recurring basis. The methodologies for estimating the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities that are measured on a recurring basis or non-recurring basis are discussed above.

The estimated fair value of financial instruments has been determined by using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. However, considerable judgment is required to interpret market data in order to develop estimates of fair value. Accordingly, the estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that we could realize in a current market exchange. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.

Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (Topic 825), among other provisions, requires public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes. Other than certain financial instruments for which we had concluded that the carrying amounts approximate fair value, the fair value estimates shown below were based on an exit price notion as of March 31, 2023, as required by ASU 2016-01. The financial instruments for which we had concluded that the carrying amounts approximate fair value include, cash and due from banks, accrued interest receivable and payable, and noninterest-bearing deposits.

The estimated fair values of financial instruments were as follows:


	March 31, 2023
	Carrying		Fair Value
	Amount		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(in thousands)
Financial assets:
Cash and due from banks	$	386,201	$	386,201	$	—	$	—
Securities available for sale		878,701		54,926		823,775		—
Loans held for sale		3,652		—		3,653		—
Loans receivable, net of allowance for credit losses		5,908,209		—		—		5,753,059
Accrued interest receivable		19,004		19,004		—		—
Financial liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing deposits		2,334,083		—		2,334,083		—
Interest-bearing deposits		3,866,955		—		—		3,870,056
Borrowings and subordinated debentures		479,558		—		346,689		131,791
Accrued interest payable		20,512		20,512		—		—


	December 31, 2022
	Carrying		Fair Value
	Amount		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(in thousands)
Financial assets:
Cash and due from banks	$	352,421	$	352,421	$	—	$	—
Securities available for sale		853,838		48,026		805,812		—
Loans held for sale		8,043		—		8,423		—
Loans receivable, net of allowance for credit losses		5,895,610		—		—		5,808,190
Accrued interest receivable		18,537		18,537		—		—
Financial liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing deposits		2,539,602		—		2,539,602		—
Interest-bearing deposits		3,628,470		—		—		3,623,827
Borrowings and subordinated debentures		479,409		—		345,867		126,828
Accrued interest payable		7,792		7,792		—		—

The methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it was practicable to estimate that value are explained below:

Cash and due from banks – The carrying amounts of cash and due from banks approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments (Level 1).

Securities – The fair value of securities, consisting of securities available for sale, is generally obtained from market bids for similar or identical securities, from independent securities brokers or dealers, or from other model-based valuation techniques described above (Level 1 and 2).

Loans held for sale – Loans held for sale, representing the guaranteed portion of SBA loans, are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or fair market value, as determined based upon quotes, bids or sales contract prices (Level 2).

Loans receivable, net of allowance for credit losses – The fair value of loans receivable is estimated based on the discounted cash flow approach. To estimate the fair value of the loans, certain loan characteristics such as account types, remaining terms, annual interest rates or coupons, interest types, past delinquencies, timing of principal and interest payments, current market rates, loan-to-value ratios, loss exposures, and remaining balances are considered. Additionally, the Company’s prior charge-off rates and loss ratios as well as various other assumptions relating to credit, interest, and prepayment risks are used as part of valuing the loan portfolio. Subsequently, the loans were individually evaluated by sorting and pooling them based on loan types, credit risk grades, and payment types. Consistent with the requirements of ASU 2016-01 which was adopted by the Company on January 1, 2018, the fair value of the Company's loans receivable is considered to be an exit price notion as of March 31, 2023 (Level 3).

The fair value of collateral dependent loans is estimated based on the net realizable fair value of the collateral or the observable market price of the most recent sale or quoted price from loans held for sale. The Company does not record loans at fair value on a recurring basis. Nonrecurring fair value adjustments to collateral dependent loans are recorded based on the current appraised value of the collateral (Level 3).

Accrued interest receivable – The carrying amount of accrued interest receivable approximates its fair value (Level 1).

Noninterest-bearing deposits – The fair value of noninterest-bearing deposits is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date (Level 2).

Interest-bearing deposits – The fair value of interest-bearing deposits, such as savings accounts, money market checking, and certificates of deposit, is estimated based on discounted cash flows. The cash flows for non-maturity deposits, including savings accounts and money market checking, are estimated based on their historical decaying experiences. The discount rate used for fair valuation is based on interest rates currently being offered by the Bank on comparable deposits as to amount and term (Level 3).

Borrowings and subordinated debentures – Borrowings consist of FHLB advances, subordinated debentures and other borrowings. Discounted cash flows based on current market rates for borrowings with similar remaining maturities are used to estimate the fair value of borrowings (Level 2 and 3).

Accrued interest payable – The carrying amount of accrued interest payable approximates its fair value (Level 1).

Note 12 — Off-Balance Sheet Commitments

The Bank is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of our customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk similar to the risk involved with on-balance sheet items.

The Bank’s exposure to losses in the event of non-performance by the other party to commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit is represented by the contractual notional amount of those instruments. The Bank uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for extending loan facilities to customers. The Bank evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Bank upon extension of credit, was based on management’s credit evaluation of the counterparty. Collateral held varies but may include accounts receivable, inventory, premises and equipment, and income-producing or borrower-occupied properties.

The following table shows the distribution of total loan commitments as of the dates indicated:


	March 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022
	(in thousands)
Unused commitments to extend credit	$	834,661	$	780,543
Standby letters of credit		71,518		71,829
Commercial letters of credit		18,192		19,945
Total commitments	$	924,371	$	872,317

The allowance for credit losses related to off-balance sheet items was maintained at a level believed to be sufficient to absorb current expected lifetime losses related to these unfunded credit facilities. The determination of the allowance adequacy was based on periodic evaluations of the unfunded credit facilities including an assessment of the probability of commitment usage, credit risk factors for loans outstanding to these same customers, and the terms and expiration dates of the unfunded credit facilities.

Activity in the allowance for credit losses related to off-balance sheet items was as follows for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023			2022
	(in thousands)
Balance at beginning of period	$	3,114		$	2,586
Provision expense (recovery) for credit losses		(48	)		(228	)
Balance at end of period	$	3,066		$	2,358

Note 13 — Leases

The Company enters into leases in the normal course of business primarily for bank branch offices, back-office operations locations, business development offices, information technology data centers and information technology equipment. The Company’s leases have remaining terms ranging from one to thirteen years, some of which include renewal or termination options to extend the lease for up to five years.

The Company includes lease extension and termination options in the lease term if, after considering relevant economic factors, it is reasonably certain the Company will exercise the option. In addition, the Company has elected to account for any non-lease components in its real estate leases as part of the associated lease component. The Company has also elected not to recognize leases with original lease terms of 12 months or less (short-term leases) on the Company’s balance sheet.

Leases are classified as operating or finance leases at the lease commencement date. Lease expense for operating leases and short-term leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Right-of-use assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the estimated present value of the lease payments over the lease term.

As of March 31, 2023, the outstanding balances for our right-of-use asset and lease liability were $38.6 million and $42.4 million, respectively. The outstanding balances of the right-of-use asset and lease liability were $40.4 million and $44.2 million,

respectively, as of December 31, 2022. The right-of-use asset is reported in prepaid expenses and other assets line item and lease liability is reported in accrued expenses and other liabilities line item on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

In determining the discount rates, since most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we used our incremental borrowing rate provided by the FHLB of San Francisco based on the information available at the commencement date to calculate the present value of lease payments.

At March 31, 2023, future minimum rental commitments under these non-cancelable operating leases, with initial or remaining terms of one year or more, were as follows:


	Amount
	(in thousands)
2023	$	7,995
2024		7,319
2025		6,418
2026		5,275
2027		5,105
Thereafter		14,030
Remaining lease commitments		46,142
Interest		(3,741	)
Present value of lease liability	$	42,401

Weighted average remaining lease terms for the Company's operating leases were 6.91 years and 7.12 years as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Weighted average discount rates used for the Company's operating leases were 2.41% and 2.42% as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Net lease expense recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $2.0 million and $2.1 million, respectively. This included operating lease costs of $2.1 million and $2.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Sublease income for operating leases was immaterial for both the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

Cash paid and included in cash flows from operating activities for amounts used in the measurement of the lease liability of the Company's operating leases was $2.1 million and $2.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

Note 14 — Liquidity

Hanmi Financial

As of March 31, 2023, Hanmi Financial had $13.1 million in cash on deposit with its bank subsidiary and $24.3 million of U.S. Treasury securities at fair value. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had $10.6 million in cash on deposit with its bank subsidiary and $17.7 million of U.S. Treasury securities at fair value. Management believes that Hanmi Financial, on a stand-alone basis, had adequate liquid assets to meet its current debt obligations.

Hanmi Bank

The principal objective of our liquidity management program is to maintain the Bank’s ability to meet the day-to-day cash flow requirements of our customers who wish either to withdraw funds or to draw upon credit facilities to meet their cash needs. Management believes that the Bank, on a stand-alone basis, has adequate liquid assets to meet its current obligations. The Bank’s primary funding source will continue to be deposits originating from its branch platform. The Bank’s wholesale funds historically consisted of FHLB advances and brokered deposits. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Bank had $350.0 million of FHLB advances, and $83.1 million and $83.3 million, respectively, of brokered deposits.

We monitor the sources and uses of funds on a regular basis to maintain an acceptable liquidity position. The Bank’s primary source of borrowings is the FHLB, from which the Bank is eligible to borrow up to 30% of its assets. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the total borrowing capacity available, based on pledged collateral was $1.62 billion and $1.54 billion, respectively. The remaining available borrowing capacity was $1.15 billion and $1.07 billion as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

The amount that the FHLB is willing to advance differs based on the quality and character of qualifying collateral pledged by the Bank, and the FHLB may adjust the advance rates for qualifying collateral upwards or downwards from time to time. To the extent deposit renewals and deposit growth are not sufficient to fund maturing and withdrawable deposits, repay maturing borrowings,

fund existing and future loans, equipment financing agreements and securities, and otherwise fund working capital needs and capital expenditures, the Bank may utilize the remaining borrowing capacity from its FHLB borrowing arrangement.

As a means of augmenting its liquidity, the Bank had an available borrowing source of $22.2 million from the Federal Reserve Discount Window and the new BTFP, to which the Bank pledged securities with a carrying value of $26.6 million, with no borrowings as of March 31, 2023. The Bank also maintains a line of credit for repurchase agreements up to $100.0 million. The Bank also had three unsecured federal funds lines of credit totaling $115.0 million with no outstanding balances as of March 31, 2023.

Note 15 — Derivatives and Hedging Activities

The Company’s derivative financial instruments consist entirely of interest rate swap agreements between the Company and its customers and other third party counterparties. The Company enters into “back-to-back swap” arrangements whereby the Company executes interest rate swap agreements with its customers and acquires an offsetting swap position from a third party counterparty. These derivative financial statements are accounted for at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income.

The table below presents the fair value of the Company’s derivative financial instruments as well as their location on the Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.


As of March 31, 2023	Derivative Assets					Derivative Liabilities
	Notional Amount		Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value		Notional Amount		Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value
	(in thousands)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate products	$	106,480	Other Assets	$	5,621	$	106,480	Other Liabilities	$	5,617
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments				$	5,621				$	5,617

As of December 31, 2022	Derivative Assets					Derivative Liabilities
	Notional Amount		Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value		Notional Amount		Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value
	(in thousands)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate products	$	61,460	Other Assets	$	7,507	$	61,460	Other Liabilities	$	7,375
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments				$	7,507				$	7,375

The table below presents the effect of the Company’s derivative financial instruments that are not designated as hedging instruments on the Income Statement for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.


Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments under Subtopic 815-20	Location of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative	Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative
		Three Months Ended March 31,
		2023			2022
		(in thousands)
Interest rate products	Other income	$	(128	)	$	55
Total		$	(128	)	$	55

The Company recognized $0.6 million of fee income from its derivative financial instruments for the three months ended March 31, 2023. No fee income was earned for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

The table below presents a gross presentation, the effects of offsetting, and a net presentation of the Company’s derivatives as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The net amounts of derivative assets or liabilities can be reconciled to the tabular disclosure of fair value. The derivative assets are located within the prepaid and other assets line item on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and the derivative liabilities are located within the accrued expenses and other liabilities line item on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.


Offsetting of Derivative Assets
As of March 31, 2023
							Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets
	Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets		Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Net Amounts of Assets presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Financial Instruments		Cash Collateral Received		Net Amount
	(in thousands)
Derivatives	$	5,621	$	—	$	5,621	$	5,617	$	4	$	—


Offsetting of Derivative Liabilities
As of March 31, 2023
							Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets
	Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities		Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Net Amounts of Liabilities presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Financial Instruments		Cash Collateral Provided		Net Amount
	(in thousands)
Derivatives	$	5,617	$	—	$	5,617	$	5,617	$	—	$	—


Offsetting of Derivative Assets
As of December 31, 2022
							Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets
	Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets		Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Net Amounts of Assets presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Financial Instruments		Cash Collateral Received		Net Amount
	(in thousands)
Derivatives	$	7,507	$	—	$	7,507	$	7,375	$	132	$	—


Offsetting of Derivative Liabilities
As of December 31, 2022
							Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets
	Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities		Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Net Amounts of Liabilities presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Financial Instruments		Cash Collateral Provided		Net Amount
	(in thousands)
Derivatives	$	7,375	$	—	$	7,375	$	7,375	$	—	$	—

The Company has agreements with each of its derivative counterparties that contain a provision stating if the Company either defaults or is capable of being declared in default on any of its indebtedness, then the Company could also be declared in default on its derivative obligations. In addition, these agreements may also require the Company to post additional collateral should it fail to maintain its status as a well- or adequately- capitalized institution.

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the fair value of derivatives in a net asset position for counterparty transactions, which includes accrued interest but excludes any adjustment for nonperformance risk, related to these agreements was $5.6 million and $7.4 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2023, the Company had not posted any collateral with its counterparties related to these agreements and is adequately collateralized since its net asset position was $4,000 ($5.6 million of fair value of assets less $5.6 million of fair value of liabilities) as of March 31, 2023. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had not posted collateral related to these agreements and was adequately collateralized since its net asset position was $132,000 ($7.5 million of fair value of assets less $7.4 million of fair value of liabilities).

Note 16 — Subsequent Events

Cash Dividend

On April 27, 2023, the Board of Directors of the Company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.25 per share to be paid on May 24, 2023 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on May 8, 2023.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following is management’s discussion and analysis of our results of operations and financial condition as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2023. This analysis should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (the “2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K”) and with the unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2023 (this “Report”).

Forward-Looking Statements

Some of the statements contained in this Report are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). All statements in this Report other than statements of historical fact are “forward–looking statements” for purposes of federal and state securities laws, including, but not limited to, statements about anticipated future operating and financial performance, financial position and liquidity, business strategies, regulatory and competitive outlook, investment and expenditure plans, capital and financing needs and availability, plans and objectives of management for future operations, developments regarding our capital and strategic plans and other similar forecasts and statements of expectation and statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “expects,” “plans,” “intends,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” or “continue,” or the negative of such terms and other comparable terminology. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements.

Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to differ from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. These factors include the following: failure to maintain adequate levels of capital and liquidity to support our operations; the effect of potential future supervisory action against us or Hanmi Bank; the effect of our rating under the Community Reinvestment Act and our ability to address any issues raised in our regulatory exams; general economic and business conditions internationally, nationally and in those areas in which we operate; volatility and deterioration in the credit and equity markets; changes in consumer spending, borrowing and savings habits; availability of capital from private and government sources; demographic changes; competition for loans and deposits and failure to attract or retain loans and deposits; fluctuations in interest rates and a decline in the level of our interest rate spread; inflation; risks of natural disasters; the current or anticipated impact of military conflict, terrorism or other geopolitical events; a failure in or breach of our operational or security systems or infrastructure, including cyber-attacks; the failure to maintain current technologies; the inability to successfully implement future information technology enhancements; difficult business and economic conditions that can adversely affect our industry and business, including competition, fraudulent activity and negative publicity; risks associated with Small Business Administration loans; failure to attract or retain key employees; our ability to access cost-effective funding; changes in liquidity, including the size and composition of our deposit portfolio, including the percentage of uninsured deposits in the portfolio; fluctuations in real estate values; changes in accounting policies and practices; the continuing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business and results of operation; changes in governmental regulation, including, but not limited to, any increase in Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance premiums; changes in the fiscal and monetary policies of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System; the ability of Hanmi Bank to make distributions to Hanmi Financial Corporation, which is restricted by certain factors, including Hanmi Bank’s retained earnings, net income, prior distributions made, and certain other financial tests; the ability to identify a suitable strategic partner or to consummate a strategic transaction; the adequacy of our allowance for credit losses; our credit quality and the effect of credit quality on our credit losses expense and allowance for credit losses; changes in the financial performance and/or condition of our borrowers and the ability of our borrowers to perform under the terms of their loans and other terms of credit agreements; our ability to control expenses; changes in securities markets; and risks as it relates to cyber security against our information technology infrastructure and those of our third party providers and vendors.

For additional information concerning risks we face, see “Part II, Item 1A. Risk Factors” in this Report and “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in Part I of the 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K. We undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that occur after the date on which such statements were made, except as required by law.

Critical Accounting Policies

We have established various accounting policies that govern the application of GAAP in the preparation of our financial statements. Our significant accounting policies are described in the Notes to the consolidated financial statements in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K. We had no significant changes in our accounting policies since the filing of our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Certain accounting policies require us to make significant estimates and assumptions that have a material impact on the carrying value of certain assets and liabilities, and we consider these critical accounting policies. For a description of these critical

accounting policies, see “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Policies” in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Actual results could differ significantly from these estimates and assumptions, which could have a material impact on the carrying value of assets and liabilities at the balance sheet dates and our results of operations for the reporting periods. Management has discussed the development and selection of these critical accounting policies with the Audit Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors.

Executive Overview

Net income was $22.0 million, or $0.72 per diluted share, for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared with $20.7 million, or $0.68 per diluted share, for the same period a year ago. The increase in net income was primarily driven by an increase in net interest income of $6.9 million, offset by a $1.1 million increase in noninterest expense attributable to higher salaries and employee benefits and an increase in credit loss expense of $3.5 million. The increase in credit loss expense during the first quarter of 2023 was due to $2.1 million in credit loss expense in the first quarter of 2023 and a $1.4 million recovery of credit loss expense in the first quarter of 2022.

Other financial highlights include the following:

•

Cash and due from banks increased $33.8 million to $386.2 million as of March 31, 2023 from $352.4 million at December 31, 2022.

•

Securities increased $24.9 million to $878.7 million at March 31, 2023 from $853.8 million at December 31, 2022.

•

Loans receivable, before the allowance for credit losses, were $5.98 billion at March 31, 2023 compared with $5.97 billion at December 31, 2022.

•

Deposits were $6.20 billion at March 31, 2023 compared with $6.17 billion at December 31, 2022.

•

Stockholders’ equity at March 31, 2023 was $662.2 million, compared with $637.5 million at December 31, 2022.

•

Return on average assets for the quarter ended March 31, 2023 was 1.21% and return on average stockholders' equity was 12.19%.

Results of Operations

Net Interest Income

Our primary source of revenue is net interest income, which is the difference between interest derived from earning assets, and interest paid on liabilities obtained to fund those assets. Our net interest income is affected by changes in the level and mix of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, referred to as volume changes. Net interest income is also affected by changes in the yields earned on assets and rates paid on liabilities, referred to as rate changes. Interest rates charged on loans receivable are affected principally by changes to interest rates, the demand for loans receivable, the supply of money available for lending purposes, and other competitive factors. Those factors are, in turn, affected by general economic conditions and other factors beyond our control, such as federal economic policies, the general supply of money in the economy, legislative tax policies, governmental budgetary matters, and the actions of the Federal Reserve.

The following table shows the average balance of assets, liabilities and stockholders’ equity; the amount of interest income, on a tax-equivalent basis, and interest expense; the average yield or rate for each category of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities; and the net interest spread and the net interest margin for the periods indicated. All average balances are daily average balances.


	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023								March 31, 2022
				Interest		Average						Interest		Average
	Average			Income /		Yield /			Average			Income /		Yield /
	Balance			Expense		Rate			Balance			Expense		Rate
Assets	(dollars in thousands)
Interest-earning assets:
Loans receivable (1)	$	5,944,399		$	80,923		5.51	%	$	5,231,672		$	53,924		4.18	%
Securities (2)		980,712			4,025		1.67	%		930,505			2,516		1.11	%
FHLB stock		16,385			289		7.16	%		16,385			248		6.14	%
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks		192,902			2,066		4.34	%		494,887			216		0.18	%
Total interest-earning assets		7,134,398			87,303		4.96	%		6,673,449			56,904		3.46	%

Noninterest-earning assets:
Cash and due from banks		65,088								62,968
Allowance for credit losses		(71,452	)							(73,177	)
Other assets		239,121								229,952
Total assets	$	7,367,155							$	6,893,192

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Deposits:
Demand: interest-bearing	$	109,391		$	29		0.11	%	$	124,892		$	17		0.06	%
Money market and savings		1,453,569			7,315		2.04	%		2,106,008			1,189		0.23	%
Time deposits		2,223,615			18,154		3.31	%		937,044			807		0.35	%
Total interest-bearing deposits		3,786,575			25,498		2.73	%		3,167,944			2,013		0.26	%
Borrowings		268,056			2,369		3.58	%		130,556			337		1.05	%
Subordinated debentures		129,483			1,583		4.89	%		213,171			3,598		6.75	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities		4,184,114			29,450		2.85	%		3,511,671			5,948		0.69	%

Noninterest-bearing liabilities and equity:
Demand deposits: noninterest-bearing		2,324,413								2,634,398
Other liabilities		127,112								88,367
Stockholders’ equity		731,516								658,756
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	7,367,155							$	6,893,192

Net interest income				$	57,853							$	50,956

Cost of deposits (3)							1.69	%							0.14	%
Net interest spread (taxable equivalent basis) (4)							2.10	%							2.77	%
Net interest margin (taxable equivalent basis) (5)							3.28	%							3.10	%

(1)

Loans receivable include loans held for sale and exclude the allowance for credit losses. Nonaccrual loans receivable are included in the average loans receivable balance.

(2)

Amounts calculated on a fully taxable equivalent basis using the current statutory federal tax rate of 21%.

(3)

Represents interest expense on deposits as a percentage of all interest-bearing and noninterest-bearing deposits.

(4)

Represents the average yield earned on interest-earning assets less the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities.

(5)

Represents net interest income as a percentage of average interest-earning assets.

The table below shows changes in interest income and interest expense and the amounts attributable to variations in interest rates and volumes for the periods indicated. The variances attributable to simultaneous volume and rate changes have been allocated to the change due to volume and the change due to rate categories in proportion to the relationship of the absolute dollar amount attributable solely to the change in volume and to the change in rate.


	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023 vs March 31, 2022
	Increases (Decreases) Due to Change In
	Volume			Rate			Total
	(in thousands)
Interest and dividend income:
Loans receivable (1)	$	7,288		$	19,711		$	26,999
Securities (2)		136			1,373			1,509
FHLB stock		—			41			41
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks		(132	)		1,982			1,850
Total interest and dividend income		7,292			23,107			30,399

Interest expense:
Demand: interest-bearing	$	(2	)	$	14		$	12
Money market and savings		(372	)		6,498			6,126
Time deposits		1,108			16,239			17,347
Borrowings		355			1,677			2,032
Subordinated debentures		(1,415	)		(600	)		(2,015	)
Total interest expense		(326	)		23,828			23,502
Change in net interest income	$	7,618		$	(721	)	$	6,897

(1)

Loans receivable include loans held for sale and exclude the allowance for credit losses. Nonaccrual loans receivable are included in the average loans receivable balance.

(2)

Amounts calculated on a fully taxable equivalent basis using the current statutory federal tax rate of 21%.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, net interest income was $57.9 million and $51.0 million, respectively. The net interest spread and net interest margin, on a taxable equivalent basis, for the quarter ended March 31, 2023, were 2.10% and 3.28%, respectively, compared with 2.77% and 3.10%, respectively, for the same period in 2022. Interest and dividend income increased $30.4 million, or 53.4%, to $87.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 from $56.9 million for the same period in 2022 due to higher average interest-earning asset balances and yields. Interest expense increased $23.5 million, or 395.1%, to $29.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 from $5.9 million for the same period in 2022 primarily due to higher deposit and borrowing rates due to the rising interest rate environment offset by lower subordinated debenture costs.

The average balance of interest earning assets increased $460.9 million, or 6.9%, to $7.13 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2023 from $6.67 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The average balance of loans increased $712.7 million, or 13.6%, to $5.94 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2023 from $5.23 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2022 due mainly to lower payoffs and $303.6 million of loan production during the quarter. The average balance of securities increased $50.2 million, or 5.4%, to $980.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 from $930.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The average balance of interest-bearing deposits at other banks decreased $302.0 million to $192.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, as excess funds were used to fund loan and securities growth.

The average yield on interest-earning assets, on a taxable equivalent basis, increased 150 basis points to 4.96% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 from 3.46% for the three months ended March 31, 2022, mainly due to the higher interest rate environment. The average yield on loans increased to 5.51% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 from 4.18% for the three months ended March 31, 2022, driven mainly by the higher interest rate environment. The average yield on securities, on a taxable equivalent basis, increased to 1.67% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 from 1.11% for the three months ended March 31, 2022, reflecting the rising market interest rate environment. The average yield on interest-bearing deposits in other banks increased 416 basis points to 4.34% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 from 0.18% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 mainly due to higher market rates.

The average balance of interest-bearing liabilities increased $672.4 million, or 19.1%, to $4.18 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $3.51 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The average balance of time deposits and borrowings increased $1.29 billion and $137.5 million, respectively, offset by decreases in the average balance of money market and savings accounts and subordinated debentures of $652.4 million and $83.7 million, respectively.

The average cost of interest-bearing liabilities was 2.85% and 0.69% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The average cost of subordinated debentures decreased 186 basis points to 4.89% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to 6.75% for the three months ended March 31, 2022, due to a pre-tax charge of $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 for the remaining debt issuance costs due upon redemption on the 2027 Notes. The average cost of borrowings increased 253 basis points to 3.58% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to 1.05% for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The average cost of interest-bearing deposits increased 247 basis points to 2.73% for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to 0.26% for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The increased costs were primarily due to increased market interest rates.

Credit Loss Expense

For the first quarter of 2023, the Company recorded $2.1 million of credit loss expense, comprised of a $2.2 million credit loss expense for loan losses, and a $48,000 negative provision for off-balance sheet items. For the same period in 2022, the Company recorded a $1.4 million recovery of credit loss expense, comprised of a $1.2 million negative provision for loan losses, and a $0.2 million negative provision for off-balance sheet items. The increase in credit loss expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 as compared to the same period in 2022 was mainly attributable to a specific reserve allocation of $2.5 million on a nonperforming commercial and industrial loan in the health-care industry. The recovery of credit loss expense for the three months ended March 31, 2022 resulted from a combination of overall improvements in asset quality and economic forecasts, as well as a net reduction in specific qualitative factors allocated to criticized hospitality loans impacted by the pandemic, offset by strong loan growth

See also “Allowance for Credit Losses and Allowance for Credit Losses Related to Off-Balance Sheet Items” for further details.

Noninterest Income

The following table sets forth the various components of noninterest income for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended March 31,				Increase (Decrease)			Increase (Decrease)
	2023		2022		Amount			Percent
	(in thousands)
Service charges on deposit accounts	$	2,579	$	2,875	$	(296	)		(10.30	)%
Trade finance and other service charges and fees		1,258		1,142		116			10.16
Servicing income		742		734		8			1.09
Bank-owned life insurance income		270		244		26			10.66
All other operating income		1,618		1,004		614			61.16
Service charges, fees & other		6,467		5,999		468			7.80
Gain on sale of SBA loans		1,869		2,521		(652	)		(25.86	)
Total noninterest income	$	8,336	$	8,520	$	(184	)		(2.16	)%

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, noninterest income was $8.3 million, a decrease of $0.2 million, or 2.2%, compared with $8.5 million for the same period in 2022. The decrease was mainly attributable to a $0.7 million decrease in the gain on loan sales resulting from lower volume and net trade premiums, offset by a $0.5 million increase in swap fee income included in other operating income.

Noninterest Expense

The following table sets forth the components of noninterest expense for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended March 31,						Increase (Decrease)			Increase (Decrease)
	2023			2022			Amount			Percent
	(in thousands)
Salaries and employee benefits	$	20,610		$	17,717		$	2,893			16.33	%
Occupancy and equipment		4,412			4,646			(234	)		(5.04	)
Data processing		3,253			3,236			17			0.53
Professional fees		1,335			1,430			(95	)		(6.64	)
Supplies and communications		676			665			11			1.65
Advertising and promotion		833			817			16			1.96
All other operating expenses		1,957			3,186			(1,229	)		(38.58	)
Subtotal		33,076			31,697			1,379			4.35
Other real estate owned expense (income)		(201	)		12			(213	)	NM
Repossessed personal property expense (income)		(84	)		(17	)		(67	)		394.12
Total noninterest expense	$	32,791		$	31,692		$	1,099			3.47	%

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, noninterest expense was $32.8 million, an increase of $1.1 million, or 3.5% compared with $31.7 million for the same period in 2022. Salaries and employee benefits increased $2.9 million due to annual merit and bonus increases, and a 3.3% increase in average full-time equivalent employees. All other operating expenses decreased $1.2 million attributable mainly to a decrease in loan-related expenses.

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense was $9.3 million and $8.5 million representing an effective income tax rate of 29.7% and 29.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The increase in the effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to the same period in 2022 was principally due to an increase in tax charges from the Company’s share-based compensation and an increase in disallowed interest expense.

Financial Condition

Securities

As of March 31, 2023, our securities portfolio consisted of U.S. government agency and sponsored agency mortgage-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations and debt securities, tax-exempt municipal bonds and, to a lesser extent, U.S. Treasury securities. Most of these securities carry fixed interest rates. Other than holdings of U.S. government agency and sponsored agency obligations, there were no securities of any one issuer exceeding 10% of stockholders’ equity as of March 31, 2023 or December 31, 2022. Securities increased $24.9 million to $878.7 million at March 31, 2023 from $853.8 million at December 31, 2022, due to $29.5 million in securities purchases and a $13.6 million increase in the fair value of securities at March 31, 2023 compared to December 31, 2022.

The following table summarizes the contractual maturity schedule for securities, at amortized cost, and their cost weighted average yield, which is calculated using amortized cost as the weight, as of March 31, 2023:


						After One Year But					After Five Years But
	Within One Year					Within Five Years					Within Ten Years					After Ten Years					Total
	Amount		Yield			Amount		Yield			Amount		Yield			Amount		Yield			Amount		Yield
	(dollars in thousands)
Securities available for sale:
U.S. Treasury securities	$	17,347		3.36	%	$	38,827		2.97	%	$	—		0.00	%	$	—		0.00	%	$	56,174		3.09	%
U.S. government agency and sponsored agency obligations:
Mortgage-backed securities - residential		1		2.52			114		2.90			5,565		2.85			526,437		1.59			532,117		1.60
Mortgage-backed securities - commercial		—		—			7,310		2.44			1,482		1.06			52,697		1.54			61,489		1.64
Collateralized mortgage obligations		—		—			255		1.28			725		2.65			111,041		2.40			112,021		2.40
Debt securities		18,211		1.34			132,151		1.36			—		—			—		—			150,362		1.36
Total U.S. government agency and sponsored agency obligations		18,212		1.34			139,830		1.42			7,772		2.49			690,175		1.72			855,989		1.67
Municipal bonds-tax exempt		—		—			—		—			19,985		1.38			57,904		1.32			77,889		1.34
Total securities available for sale	$	35,559		2.33	%	$	178,657		1.75	%	$	27,757		1.69	%	$	748,079		1.68	%	$	990,052		1.72	%

Loans Receivable

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, loans receivable (excluding loans held for sale), net of deferred loan fees and costs, discounts and allowance for credit losses, were $5.91 billion and $5.90 billion, respectively. The increase primarily reflected $303.6 million in new loan production, offset by $154.9 million in loan sales and payoffs, and amortization and other reductions of $139.7 million. Loan production primarily consisted of residential mortgages of $97.2 million, commercial real estate of $75.5 million, equipment financing agreements of $69.3 million, SBA loans of $34.5 million and commercial and industrial loans of $27.1 million.

The table below shows the maturity distribution of outstanding loans, before the allowance for credit losses as of March 31, 2023. In addition, the table shows the distribution of such loans between those with floating or variable interest rates and those with fixed or predetermined interest rates.


	Within One Year		After One Year but Within Three Years		After Three Years but Within Five Years		After Five Years but Within Fifteen Years		After Fifteen Years		Total
	(in thousands)
Real estate loans:
Commercial property
Retail	$	100,032	$	230,151	$	315,128	$	369,914	$	37,128	$	1,052,353
Hospitality		129,528		229,840		144,816		146,465		18,363		669,012
Office		41,917		184,439		273,115		29,981		4,251		533,703
Other		120,904		393,833		517,131		322,487		61,393		1,415,748
Total commercial property loans		392,381		1,038,263		1,250,190		868,847		121,135		3,670,816
Construction		85,072		28,288		—		—		—		113,360
Residential		6,669		46		15		5,053		806,134		817,917
Total real estate loans		484,122		1,066,597		1,250,205		873,900		927,269		4,602,093
Commercial and industrial loans		316,499		162,837		190,337		108,476		—		778,149
Equipment financing agreements		23,942		179,185		355,378		41,711		—		600,216
Loans receivable	$	824,563	$	1,408,619	$	1,795,920	$	1,024,087	$	927,269	$	5,980,458
Loans with predetermined interest rates		360,056		953,702		1,394,647		185,588		254,158		3,148,151
Loans with variable interest rates		464,507		454,917		401,273		838,499		673,111		2,832,307

The table below shows the maturity distribution of outstanding loans, before the allowance for credit losses, with fixed or predetermined interest rates due after one year, as of March 31, 2023.


	After One Year but Within Three Years		After Three Years but Within Five Years		After Five Years but Within Fifteen Years		After Fifteen Years		Total
	(in thousands)
Real estate loans:
Commercial property
Retail	$	203,787	$	272,471	$	57,949	$	—	$	534,207
Hospitality		91,464		134,054		6,497		—		232,015
Office		144,714		217,817		—		—		362,531
Other		303,177		408,040		65,111		7,721		784,049
Total commercial property loans		743,142		1,032,382		129,557		7,721		1,912,802
Construction		28,288		—		—		—		28,288
Residential		40		15		2,723		246,437		249,215
Total real estate loans		771,470		1,032,397		132,280		254,158		2,190,305
Commercial and industrial loans		3,047		6,872		11,597		—		21,516
Equipment financing agreements		179,185		355,378		41,711		—		576,274
Loans receivable	$	953,702	$	1,394,647	$	185,588	$	254,158	$	2,788,095

The table below shows the maturity distribution of outstanding loans, before the allowance for credit losses, with floating or variable interest rates (including hybrids) due after one year, as of March 31, 2023.


	After One Year but Within Three Years		After Three Years but Within Five Years		After Five Years but Within Fifteen Years		After Fifteen Years		Total
	(in thousands)
Real estate loans:
Commercial property
Retail	$	26,364	$	42,657	$	311,965	$	37,128	$	418,114
Hospitality		138,377		10,761		139,968		18,363		307,469
Office		39,725		55,298		29,981		4,251		129,255
Other		90,656		109,091		257,375		53,672		510,794
Total commercial property loans		295,122		217,807		739,289		113,414		1,365,632
Residential		5		—		2,331		559,697		562,033
Total real estate loans		295,127		217,807		741,620		673,111		1,927,665
Commercial and industrial loans		159,790		183,466		96,879		—		440,135
Loans receivable	$	454,917	$	401,273	$	838,499	$	673,111	$	2,367,800

Industry

As of March 31, 2023, the loan portfolio included the following concentrations of loans to one type of industry that were greater than 10.0% of loans receivable outstanding:


			Percentage of
	Balance as of		Loans Receivable
	March 31, 2023		Outstanding
	(in thousands)
Lessor of nonresidential buildings	$	1,780,674		29.8	%
Hospitality		704,088		11.8	%

Loan Quality Indicators

Loans 30 to 89 days past due and still accruing were $15.4 million at March 31, 2023, compared with $7.5 million at December 31, 2022, attributable mainly to a $6.7 million past due and accruing loan at March 31, 2023, that resolved its delinquency subsequent to the end of the first quarter.

At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were no loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest.

Special mention loans were $64.3 million at March 31, 2023 compared with $79.0 million at December 31, 2022. The $14.7 million decrease in special mention loans included downgrades to classified loans of $10.0 million, and payoffs of $4.6 million.

Classified loans were $47.3 million at March 31, 2023 compared with $46.2 million at December 31, 2022. The $1.1 million increase was primarily driven by the downgrade of one loan in the amount of $10.0 million, offset by loan upgrades of $8.8 million.

Activity in criticized loans was as follows for the periods indicated:


	Special Mention			Classified
	(in thousands)
March 31, 2023
Balance at January 1, 2023	$	79,013		$	46,192
Additions		766			13,808
Reductions		(15,439	)		(12,713	)
Balance at March 31, 2023	$	64,340		$	47,287

December 31, 2022
Balance at January 1, 2022	$	95,294		$	60,633
Additions		133,134			15,808
Reductions		(149,415	)		(30,249	)
Balance at December 31, 2022	$	79,013		$	46,192

Nonperforming Assets

Nonperforming loans consist of loans receivable on nonaccrual status and loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest. Nonperforming assets consist of nonperforming loans and OREO. Loans are placed on nonaccrual status when, in the opinion of management, the full timely collection of principal or interest is in doubt. Generally, the accrual of interest is discontinued when principal or interest payments become more than 90 days past due, unless we believe the loan is adequately collateralized and in the process of collection. However, in certain instances, we may place a particular loan on nonaccrual status earlier, depending upon the individual circumstances surrounding the loan’s delinquency. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, previously accrued but unpaid interest is reversed against current income. Subsequent collections of cash are applied as principal reductions when received, except when the ultimate collectability of principal is probable, in which case interest payments are credited to income. Nonaccrual loans may be restored to accrual status when principal and interest become current and full repayment is expected. Interest income is recognized on the accrual basis for impaired loans not meeting the criteria for nonaccrual. OREO consists of properties acquired by foreclosure or similar means, or vacant bank properties for which their usage for operations has ceased and management intends to offer for sale.

Except for nonaccrual loans, management is not aware of any other loans as of March 31, 2023 for which known credit problems of the borrower would cause serious doubts as to the ability of such borrowers to comply with their present loan or equipment financing agreement repayment terms, or any known events that would result in a loan or equipment financing agreement being designated as nonperforming at some future date. Management cannot, however, predict the extent to which a deterioration in general economic conditions, real estate values, increases in general rates of interest, inflation or changes in the financial condition or business of borrowers may adversely affect a borrower’s ability to pay.

Nonperforming loans were $20.1 million at March 31, 2023, or 0.34% of loans, compared with $9.8 million at December 31, 2022, or 0.17% of the portfolio. The increase reflects a $10.0 million commercial and industrial loan in the health-care industry secured by real estate and business assets for which there was a specific allowance of $2.5 million.

Nonperforming assets were $20.2 million at March 31, 2023, or 0.27% of total assets, compared with $10.0 million, or 0.14%, at December 31, 2022.

Individually Evaluated Loans

The Company reviews loans on an individual basis when the loan does not share similar risk characteristics with loan pools.

Individually evaluated loans were $20.1 million and $9.8 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, representing an increase of $10.3 million, or 103.6%. The increase primarily reflects the addition of a $10.0 million nonperforming commercial and industrial loan in the health-care industry. Specific allowances associated with individually evaluated loans increased $2.9 million to $6.2 million as of March 31, 2023 compared with $3.3 million as of December 31, 2022. The increase primarily reflects the addition of a $2.5 million specific allowance on the previously mentioned nonperforming loan in the health-care industry.

No loans were modified during the three months ended March 31, 2023 or 2022.

Allowance for Credit Losses and Allowance for Credit Losses Related to Off-Balance Sheet Items

The Company’s estimate of the allowance for credit losses at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 reflected losses expected over the remaining contractual life of the assets based on historical, current, and forward-looking information. The contractual term does not consider extensions, renewals or modifications unless the Company has identified an expected troubled debt restructuring.

Management selected three loss methodologies for the collective allowance estimation. At March 31, 2023, the Company used the discounted cash flow (“DCF”) method to estimate allowances for credit losses for the commercial and industrial loan portfolio, the Probability of Default/Loss Given Default (“PD/LGD”) method for the commercial real estate, construction, SBA and residential real estate portfolios, and the Weighted Average Remaining Maturity (“WARM”) method to estimate expected credit losses for the equipment financing agreements portfolio. Loans that do not share similar risk characteristics are individually evaluated for allowances.

For the loans utilizing the DCF method, the Company determined that four quarters represented a reasonable and supportable forecast period and reverted to a historical loss rate over twelve quarters on a straight-line basis. Reasonable and supportable forecasts of economic conditions are imbedded in the DCF model.

For each of the loan segments identified above, the Company applied an annualized historical PD/LGD using all available historical periods. The PD/LGD method incorporates a forecast of economic conditions into loss estimates using a qualitative adjustment.

The Company applied an expected loss ratio based on internal historical losses adjusted as appropriate for qualitative factors when applying the WARM method.

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company relied on the economic projections from Moody’s to inform its loss driver forecasts over the four-quarter forecast period. For all loan pools, the Company utilizes and forecasts the national unemployment rate as the primary loss driver.

To adjust the historical and forecast periods to current conditions, the Company applies various qualitative factors derived from market, industry or business specific data, changes in the underlying portfolio composition, trends relating to credit quality, delinquency, nonperforming and adversely rated equipment financing agreements, and reasonable and supportable forecasts of economic conditions.

The allowance for credit losses was $72.2 million at March 31, 2023 compared with $71.5 million at December 31, 2022. The allowance attributed to individually evaluated loans was $6.2 million at March 31, 2023 compared with $3.3 million at December 31, 2022. The allowance attributed to collectively evaluated loans was $66.0 million at March 31, 2023 compared with $68.2 million at December 31, 2022, and considered the impact of changes in macroeconomic assumptions, lower average loss rates in the commercial and industrial segment and normalized interest rate forecasts for the subsequent four quarters.

The following table reflects our allocation of the allowance for credit losses by loan category as well as the amount of loans in each loan category, including related percentages:


	March 31, 2023										December 31, 2022
	Allowance Amount		Percentage of Total Allowance			Total Loans		Percentage of Total Loans			Allowance Amount		Percentage of Total Allowance			Total Loans		Percentage of Total Loans
	(dollars in thousands)
Real estate loans:
Commercial property
Retail	$	9,405		13.0	%	$	1,052,353		17.6	%	$	7,872		11.0	%	$	1,023,608		17.2	%
Hospitality		14,138		19.6			669,012		11.2			13,407		18.7			646,893		10.8
Office		2,509		3.5			533,703		8.9			2,293		3.2			499,946		8.4
Other		9,186		12.7			1,415,748		23.7			13,056		18.3			1,553,729		26.0
Total commercial property loans		35,238		48.8			3,670,816		61.4			36,628		51.2			3,724,176		62.4
Construction		4,003		5.5			113,360		1.9			4,022		5.7			109,205		1.8
Residential		4,290		6.0			817,917		13.7			3,376		4.7			734,472		12.4
Total real estate loans		43,531		60.3			4,602,093		77.0			44,026		61.6			4,567,853		76.6
Commercial and industrial loans		15,333		21.2			778,149		13.0			15,267		21.3			804,492		13.4
Equipment financing agreements		13,385		18.5			600,216		10.0			12,230		17.1			594,788		10.0
Total	$	72,249		100.0	%	$	5,980,458		100.0	%	$	71,523		100.0	%	$	5,967,133		100.0	%

The following table sets forth certain ratios related to our allowance for credit losses at the dates presented:


	As of
	March 31, 2023			December 31, 2022
	(dollars in thousands)
Ratios:
Allowance for credit losses to loans receivable		1.21	%		1.20	%
Nonaccrual loans to loans		0.34	%		0.17	%
Allowance for credit losses to nonaccrual loans		360.34	%		726.42	%

Balance:
Nonaccrual loans at end of period	$	20,050		$	9,846
Nonperforming loans at end of period	$	20,050		$	9,846

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the allowance for credit losses related to off-balance sheet items, primarily unfunded loan commitments, was $3.1 million. The Bank closely monitors the borrower’s repayment capabilities, while funding existing commitments to ensure losses are minimized. Based on management’s evaluation and analysis of portfolio credit quality and prevailing economic conditions, we believe these allowances were adequate for current expected lifetime losses in the loan portfolio and off-balance sheet exposure as of March 31, 2023.

The following table presents a summary of net (charge-offs) recoveries for the loan portfolio:


	Three Months Ended
	Average Loans		Net (Charge-Offs) Recoveries			Net (Charge-Offs) Recoveries to Average Loans (1)
	(dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2023
Commercial real estate loans	$	3,800,499	$	(412	)		(0.04	)%
Residential loans		780,833		68			0.03
Commercial and industrial loans		760,835		25			0.01
Equipment financing agreements		602,232		(1,136	)		(0.75	)
Total	$	5,944,399	$	(1,455	)		(0.10	)%

March 31, 2022
Commercial real estate loans	$	3,752,658	$	(335	)		(0.04	)%
Residential loans		407,967		2			0.00
Commercial and industrial loans		578,583		259			0.18
Equipment financing agreements		492,464		176			0.14
Total	$	5,231,672	$	102			0.01	%

(1)

Annualized

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, gross charge-offs were $2.2 million, an increase of $1.4 million, from $0.8 million for the same period in 2022 and gross recoveries were $0.8 million, a decrease of $0.1 million, from $0.9 million for the three

months ended March 31, 2022. Net loan charge-offs were $1.5 million, or 0.10% of average loans, compared with net loan recoveries of $0.1 million, or 0.01% of average loans, for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Deposits

The following table shows the composition of deposits by type as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2023					December 31, 2022
	Balance		Percent			Balance		Percent
	(dollars in thousands)
Demand – noninterest-bearing	$	2,334,083		37.6	%	$	2,539,602		41.3	%
Interest-bearing:
Demand		104,245		1.7			115,573		1.9
Money market and savings		1,382,472		22.3			1,556,690		25.2
Uninsured time deposits of more than $250,000:
Three months or less		96,204		1.6			44,828		0.7
Over three months through six months		94,526		1.5			123,471		2.0
Over six months through twelve months		452,572		7.3			191,248		3.1
Over twelve months		72,093		1.2			138,451		2.2
Other time deposits		1,664,843		26.8			1,458,209		23.6
Total deposits	$	6,201,038		100.0	%	$	6,168,072		100.0	%

Total deposits were $6.20 billion and $6.17 billion as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, representing an increase of $33.0 million, or 0.5%. The increase in deposits was primarily driven by an increase of $424.0 million in time deposits, offset by a decrease of $391.0 million in all other deposits due to rising market rates and the shift to time deposits. At March 31, 2023, the loan-to-deposit ratio was 96.4% compared with 96.7% at December 31, 2022.

As of March 31, 2023, the aggregate amount of uninsured deposits (deposits in amounts greater than $250,000, which is the maximum amount for federal deposit insurance) was $2.60 billion, of which $1.88 billion were demand, money market and savings deposits and $715.4 million were time deposits. As of December 31, 2022, the aggregate amount of uninsured deposits was $2.65 billion, consisting of $2.15 billion in demand, money market and savings deposits and $498.0 million in time deposits.

Borrowings and Subordinated Debentures

Borrowings mostly take the form of advances from the FHLB. At both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, total advances from the FHLB were $350.0 million. The Bank had $250.0 million of overnight advances from the FHLB at both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

The weighted-average interest rate of all FHLB advances at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was 4.11% and 3.57%, respectively.

The FHLB maximum amount outstanding at any month end during each of the year to date periods ended March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was $350.0 million.

The following is a summary of contractual maturities greater than twelve months of FHLB advances:


	March 31, 2023					December 31, 2022
FHLB of San Francisco	Outstanding Balance		Weighted Average Rate			Outstanding Balance		Weighted Average Rate
	(dollars in thousands)
Advances due over 12 months through 24 months	$	25,000		1.22	%	$	37,500		0.40	%
Advances due over 24 months through 36 months		25,000		4.44			12,500		1.90
Outstanding advances over 12 months	$	50,000		2.83	%	$	50,000		0.78	%

Subordinated debentures were $129.6 million as of March 31, 2023 and $129.4 million as of December 31, 2022. Subordinated debentures are comprised of fixed-to-floating subordinated notes of $108.2 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, and junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures of $21.3 million and $21.2 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. See “Note 8 – Borrowings and Subordinated Debentures” to the consolidated financial statements for more details.

Stockholders' Equity

Stockholders’ equity at March 31, 2023 was $662.2 million, compared with $637.5 million at December 31, 2022. The increase was primarily due to $14.4 million of first quarter net income net of dividends as well as a $9.9 million reduction in unrealized after-tax loss due to changes in the value of the securities portfolio resulting from decreases in intermediate-term interest rates during the first quarter.

Interest Rate Risk Management

The spread between interest income on interest-earning assets and interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities is the principal component of net interest income, and interest rate changes substantially affect our financial performance. We emphasize capital protection through stable earnings. In order to achieve stable earnings, we prudently manage our assets and liabilities and closely monitor the percentage changes in net interest income and equity value in relation to limits established within our guidelines.

The Company performs simulation modeling to estimate the potential effects of interest rate changes. The following table summarizes one of the stress simulations performed to forecast the impact of changing interest rates on net interest income and the value of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities reflected on our balance sheet (i.e., an instantaneous parallel shift in the yield curve of the magnitude indicated below) as of March 31, 2023. The Company compares this stress simulation to policy limits, which specify the maximum tolerance level for net interest income exposure over a 1- to 12-month and a 13- to 24- month horizon, given the basis point adjustment in interest rates reflected below.


	Net Interest Income Simulation
Change in	1- to 12-Month Horizon						13- to 24-Month Horizon
Interest	Dollar			Percentage			Dollar			Percentage
Rate	Change			Change			Change			Change
	(dollars in thousands)
300%	$	14,669			6.24	%	$	7,822			3.16	%
200%	$	9,031			3.84	%	$	3,210			1.30	%
100%	$	5,337			2.27	%	$	3,616			1.46	%
(100%)	$	(7,224	)		(3.07	%)	$	(7,704	)		(3.11	%)
(200%)	$	(16,260	)		(6.92	%)	$	(19,522	)		(7.88	%)
(300%)	$	(26,613	)		(11.32	%)	$	(34,516	)		(13.93	%)


Change in	Economic Value of Equity (EVE)
Interest	Dollar			Percentage
Rate	Change			Change
	(dollars in thousands)
300%	$	(30,634	)		(4.05	%)
200%	$	(20,334	)		(2.69	%)
100%	$	522			0.07	%
(100%)	$	(22,630	)		(2.99	%)
(200%)	$	(69,952	)		(9.25	%)
(300%)	$	(140,113	)		(18.53	%)

The estimated sensitivity does not necessarily represent our forecast, and the results may not be indicative of actual changes to our net interest income. These estimates are based upon a number of assumptions, including the timing and magnitude of interest rate changes, prepayments on loans receivable and securities, pricing strategies on loans receivable and deposits, and replacement of asset and liability cash flows.

The key assumptions, based upon loans receivable, securities and deposits, are as follows:


Conditional prepayment rates*:
Loans receivable	15	%
Securities	6	%
Deposit rate betas*:
NOW, savings, money market demand	47	%
Time deposits, retail and wholesale	76	%

* Balance-weighted average

While the assumptions used are based on current economic and local market conditions, there is no assurance as to the predictive nature of these conditions, including how customer preferences or competitor influences might change.

Capital Resources and Liquidity

Capital Resources

Historically, our primary source of capital has been the retention of operating earnings. In order to ensure adequate capital levels, the Board regularly assesses projected sources and uses of capital, expected loan growth, anticipated strategic actions (such as stock repurchases and dividends), and projected capital thresholds under adverse and severely adverse economic conditions. In addition, the Board considers the Company’s access to capital from financial markets through the issuance of additional debt and securities, including common stock or notes, to meet its capital needs.

In response to the uncertainty surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic, the Board reduced the quarterly cash dividends paid on common stock beginning in the second quarter of 2020. Due to the continued stabilization of Company results and financial condition, the Board authorized an increase in the quarterly cash dividend to $0.12 per share for the second quarter of 2021 from $0.10 per share for the first quarter of 2021. As the effects of the pandemic continued to subside and the Company’s results and financial condition improved, the Board again increased the dividend to $0.20 per share for the fourth quarter of 2021, to $0.22 per share for the first and second quarters of 2022, and to $0.25 per share for the third and fourth quarters of 2022 and first quarter of 2023. The Board will continue to re-evaluate the level of quarterly dividends in subsequent quarters.

The Company’s ability to pay dividends to shareholders depends in part upon dividends it receives from the Bank. California law restricts the amount available for cash dividends to the lesser of a bank’s retained earnings or net income for its last three fiscal years (less any distributions to shareholders made during such period). Where the above test is not met, cash dividends may still be paid, with the prior approval of the Department of Financial Protection and Innovation (“DFPI”), in an amount not exceeding the greater of: (1) retained earnings of the bank; (2) net income of the bank for its last fiscal year; or (3) the net income of the bank for its current fiscal year. As of April 1, 2023, the Bank has the ability to pay dividends of approximately $156.1 million, after giving effect to the $0.25 dividend declared for the second quarter of 2023, without the prior approval of the Commissioner of the DFPI.

At March 31, 2023, the Bank’s total risk-based capital ratio of 14.15%, Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 13.06%, common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 13.06% and Tier 1 leverage capital ratio of 11.06%, placed the Bank in the “well capitalized” category pursuant to capital rules, which is defined as institutions with total risk-based capital ratio equal to or greater than 10.00%, Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio equal to or greater than 8.00%, common equity Tier 1 capital ratios equal to or greater than 6.50%, and Tier 1 leverage capital ratio equal to or greater than 5.00%.

At March 31, 2023, the Company's total risk-based capital ratio was 14.80%, Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio was 11.94%, common equity Tier 1 capital ratio was 11.59% and Tier 1 leverage capital ratio was 10.09%.

For a discussion of implemented changes to the capital adequacy framework prompted by Basel III and the Dodd- Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, see our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Liquidity

For a discussion of liquidity for the Company, see Note 14 - Liquidity included in the notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements in this Report and Note 22 – Liquidity in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

For a discussion of off-balance sheet arrangements, see Note 12 - Off-Balance Sheet Commitments included in the notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements in this Report and “Item 1. Business - Off-Balance Sheet Commitments” in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Contractual Obligations

There have been no material changes to the contractual obligations described in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

For quantitative and qualitative disclosures regarding market risks in Hanmi Bank’s portfolio, see “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Interest Rate Risk Management” and “- Capital Resources” in this Report.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Management is responsible for the disclosure controls and procedures of the Corporation. Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures of an issuer that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods required by the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by an issuer is accumulated and communicated to the issuer’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. As of the end of the period covered by this report, an evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of the Corporation’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2023.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in the Corporation's internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f)) during the quarter ended March 31, 2023 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting.

Part II — Other Information

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, Hanmi Financial and its subsidiaries are parties to litigation that arises in the ordinary course of business, such as claims to enforce liens, claims involving the origination and servicing of loans, and other issues related to the business of Hanmi Financial and its subsidiaries. In the opinion of management, the resolution of any such issues would not have a material adverse impact on the financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity of Hanmi Financial or its subsidiaries.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Except as provided below, there have been no material changes in risk factors applicable to the Corporation from those described in “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of the Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022.

Our stock price may be negatively impacted by unrelated bank failures and negative depositor confidence in depository institutions. Further, if we are unable to adequately manage our liquidity, deposits, capital levels and interest rate risk, which have come under greater scrutiny in light of recent bank failures, it may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations

On March 9, 2023, Silvergate Bank, La Jolla, California, announced its decision to voluntarily liquidate its assets and wind down operations. On March 10, 2023, Silicon Valley Bank, Santa Clara, California, was closed by the California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation and on March 12, 2023, Signature Bank, New York, New York, was closed by the New York State Department of Financial Services. In each case, the FDIC was named receiver. These banks also had elevated levels of uninsured deposits, which may be less likely to remain at the bank over time and less stable as a source of funding than insured deposits. These failures led to volatility and declines in the market for bank stocks and questions about depositor confidence in depository institutions.

These events have led to a greater focus by institutions, investors and regulators on the on-balance sheet liquidity of and funding sources for financial institutions, the composition of its deposits, including the amount of uninsured deposits, the amount of accumulated other comprehensive loss, capital levels and interest rate risk management. If we are unable to adequately manage our liquidity, deposits, capital levels and interest rate risk, it may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Rising Interest Rates Have Decreased the Value of the Company’s Securities Portfolio, and the Company Would Realize Losses if it Were Required to Sell Such Securities to Meet Liquidity Needs

As a result of inflationary pressures and the resulting rapid increases in interest rates over the last year, the trading value of previously issued government and other fixed income securities has declined significantly. These securities make up a majority of the securities portfolio of most banks in the U.S., including ours, resulting in unrealized losses embedded in the securities portfolios. While the Company does not currently intend to sell these securities, if the Company were required to sell such securities to meet liquidity needs, it may incur losses, which could impair the Company’s capital, financial condition, and results of operations and require the Company to raise additional capital on unfavorable terms, thereby negatively impacting its profitability. While the Company has taken actions to maximize its funding sources, there is no guarantee that such actions will be successful or sufficient in the event of sudden liquidity needs. Furthermore, while the Federal Reserve Board has announced a BTFP available to eligible depository institutions secured by U.S. treasuries, agency debt and mortgage-backed securities, and other qualifying assets as collateral at par, to mitigate the risk of potential losses on the sale of such instruments, there is no guarantee that such programs will be effective in addressing liquidity needs as they arise.

Recent Negative Developments Affecting the Banking Industry, and Resulting Media Coverage, Have Eroded Customer Confidence in the Banking System

The recent high-profile bank failures involving Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank have generated significant market volatility among publicly traded bank holding companies and, in particular, regional banks. These market developments have negatively impacted customer confidence in the safety and soundness of financial institutions. As a result, customers may choose to maintain deposits with larger financial institutions or invest in higher yielding short-term fixed income securities, all of which could materially adversely impact the Company’s liquidity, loan funding capacity, net interest margin, capital and results of operations. While the Department of the Treasury, the Federal Reserve, and the FDIC have made statements ensuring that depositors of these recently failed banks would have access to their deposits, including uninsured deposit accounts, there is no guarantee that such actions will be successful in restoring customer confidence in regional banks and the banking system more broadly.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

On January 24, 2019, the Company announced a stock repurchase program that authorized the repurchase of up to 5% of its outstanding shares or approximately 1.5 million shares of common stock. As of March 31, 2023, 659,972 shares remained available for future purchases under that stock repurchase program.

The following table represents information with respect to repurchases of common stock made by the Company during the three months ended March 31, 2023:


Purchase Date:	Average Price Paid Per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program		Maximum Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Program
January 1, 2023 - January 31, 2023	$	—		—		659,972
February 1, 2023 - February 28, 2023		—		—		659,972
March 1, 2023 - March 31, 2023		—		—		659,972
Total	$	—		—		659,972

The Company acquired 14,628 shares from employees in connection with the satisfaction of employee tax withholding obligations incurred through vesting of Company stock awards for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Shares withheld to cover income taxes upon the vesting of stock awards are repurchased pursuant to the terms of the applicable plan and not under the Company's repurchase program.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

Item 6. Exhibits


Exhibit Number		Document

31.1		Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2		Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101.INS		Inline XBRL Instance Document *

101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document *

101.CAL		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document *

101.LAB		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document *

101.PRE		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document *

101.DEF		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document *

104		The cover page from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2023, formatted in Inline XBRL

* Attached as Exhibit 101 to this report are documents formatted in Inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language).

† Constitutes a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.