Note 9 — Earnings Per Share

Earnings per share (“EPS”) is calculated on both a basic and a diluted basis. Basic EPS excludes dilution and is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted from the issuance of common stock that then shared in earnings, excluding common shares in treasury. For diluted EPS, the weighted-average number of common shares includes the impact of unvested performance stock units (“PSUs”) under the treasury method.

Unvested restricted stock containing rights to non-forfeitable dividends are considered participating securities prior to vesting and have been included in the earnings allocation in computing basic and diluted EPS under the two-class method.

On a weighted-average basis, options to purchase 31,034 shares of common stock were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2023, because their effect would have been anti-dilutive. There were no anti-dilutive stock options for the three months ended March 31, 2022. There were no anti-dilutive unvested PSUs outstanding for the three months ended March 31, 2023 or 2022.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company issued 52,450 PSUs to executive officers from the 2021 Equity Compensation plan with a fair value of $1.1 million on the grant date of March 10, 2023. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company issued 38,036 PSUs to executive officers from the 2021 Equity Compensation Plan with a fair value of $1.0 million on the grant date of March 23, 2022. These units have a three-year cliff vesting period and include dividend equivalent rights. Total PSUs outstanding as of March 31, 2023 were 157,049 with an aggregate grant fair value of $3.1 million. Total PSUs outstanding as of March 31, 2022 were 104,599 with an aggregate grant fair value of $2.0 million.